M2M Communication Hálózati és szolgáltatási architektúrák szeminárium Perlaky Zoltán

M2M Communication2 Overview M2M? Example: eCall M2M ? IoT M2M roots Device characteristics Devices ↔ Applications M2M Maturity Standards Organizations ETSI M2M standard specifications ETSI M2M Architecture TC M2M – High Level Architecture Network misalignment Communication in M2M area network oneM2M

M2M Communication3 M2M? M? Machine/Mobile/Man M2(CN2)M Machine – to – Communication Network – to – machine  elastic boundaries  Who is in command? Human or device? (Smartphone vs Smart metering, Kindle browsing vs buying eBook) [1] p.2–3.

M2M Communication4 Example: eCall

M2M Communication5 M2M ? IoT Overlap Boundaries not exact Specific areas exist IoT: objects/things that may or may not be in M2M relationship with an ICT system. Example: Passive object (RFID), not able to communicate directly. M2M relationship ends with the scanner capable of reading the RFID.

M2M Communication6 M2M roots Telemetry Telecommunication + measurements (etym: Greek tele /remote/ + Greek metron /measure/)  Meteorology  Energy providers  Rocketry  Space science Telematics Telecommunication + informatics (etym: Greek tele /remote/ + Greek matos /automaton/)  Tracking (vehicle, trailer, container)  Fleet management  Satellite navigation

M2M Communication7 Device characteristics Multitude  several magnitude more M2M than Human2Device  Scalability? (#devices, NW load, data usage & pattern) Variety/diverse requirements  computing/communication cap. Invisibility  No human control. Mngmt? Criticality  Life savers (eHealth, electricity) Intrusiveness  Privacy Constrained Devices (IETF):  Low cost  Low CPU  Low memory  Low data rate  Low power (battery)  Small size (less battery) Other constrains:  Embedded inside sg. or hostile/secure env.  Lifetime ICT device < car < house

M2M Communication8 Devices ↔ Applications

M2M Communication9 M2M Maturity [1] p.9.

M2M Communication10 Standards Organizations [1] p.18.

M2M Communication11 ETSI M2M standard specifications [2] p.30.

M2M Communication12 ETSI M2M Architecture

M2M Communication13 TC M2M – High Level Architecture mId mIa dIa M2M Application Server #1 M2M Service Capabilities Layer (SCL ) M2M Gateway M2M Device M2M SCL M2M Device WIRELESS MOBILE FIXED.. OTHER M2M AREA NETWORK App. Client (Device) M2M SCL App. Client (Gateway) App. Client (Device) dIa M2M Application Server #2 M2M Application Server #n Proprietary M2M Device Proprietary Interface WIDE AREA NETWORK

M2M Communication14 Network misalignment Current stage of M2M deployments is mainly wireless/cellular network. Advantages of using cellular:  “built-in features” authentication / security / (tracking)  In some cases mobility Misalignment: Currently used NWs are optimized for different requirements.  Not designed for that many devices.  Most (~90%) deployed devices are stationary, do not require roaming capability or location tracking (which is cumbersome and waste radio resources and power).  Not designed for that kind of usage/traffic. Small amounts (nx100B) of data, enormous control overhead (handshakes for radio access / authentication / security / IP address / QoS params / …; data bearer establishment and teardown 20+ handshakes + TCP handshakes)  In some cases (Smart Grid) latency < 10ms [1] p.8., p ,

M2M Communication15 Communication in M2M area network Wireless  3G  4G  5G  IEEE p WiMAX Enhancements to Support M2M Applications  IEEE ah (sensor NWs, in progress)  6LoWPAN (IPv6 Low Power Wireless)  IEEE  ZigBee  Z-Wave  BT especially low energy v4.0 – v4.2  KNX  Wireless M-BUS Wired  KNX  PLC (Power Line Communication)  M_BUS [1] p.13., [2] p.4., p.14.

M2M Communication16 oneM2M Global partnership of telecommunication standards organizations (formed 2012) “February 4, 2015: The era of widespread deployment of Machine-to-Machine (M2M) technology and the foundation for the Internet of Things (IoT) advanced significantly today when oneM2M, the global standards initiative for M2M and the IoT, issued its Release 1 global standards.”

M2M Communication17 Summary Standardization is mainly done B2B Apps exists B2C Apps to come

M2M Communication18 Infographics Internet live stats: Future of a connected field technician: Cisco The Internet of Things:

M2M Communication19 Sources [1] M2M Communications: A Systems Approach, First Edition., Edited by David Boswarthick, Omar Elloumi and Olivier Hersent., Published 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [2] Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Communications: Architecture, Performance and Applications, First Edition., Edited by Carles Anton-Haro, Mischa Dohler, Published 2015 Woodhead Publishing Ltd.

M2M Communication20 Questions?

M2M Communication21 Numbers 2008: Internet connected devices = Earth population Connected devices: ~6,7E9 Internet users: ~1,5E9 Ratio: 4,5 :