Slavery in America Sugar Plantation in the Caribbean.

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Presentation transcript:

Slavery in America Sugar Plantation in the Caribbean

The Atlantic Slave Trade

Where in Africa? “Slave Coast”: Bight of Benin, Congo, Angola, Mozambique, Nigeria Over 800 languages spoken within Africa

African Slavery Slaves of rival tribes captured through war Slavery was not always permanent nor hereditary Europeans controlled slave trade after 1600

The Carolinas Many residents came from Barbados Charleston, South Carolina 1720 = 2/3 population of South Carolina were African or African American Rice and Indigo

Slavery & the Caribbean Mid-1600s = 44,000 English lived in Caribbean Barbados & Jamaica = Key sugar producing islands Sugar in England used for food, medicine, & to display wealth Absentee owners 1713 = Barbados population ratio: 4 slaves to every 1 white settler

Southern Slavery 1690s = Rice cultivation began Who brought the knowledge about rice? 1698 = 10,000 pounds of rice exported from South Carolina 1730 = 20 million pounds exported from South Carolina

Georgia Experiment to reform criminals 1732 = James Oglethorpe started colony 1732 - 1738 = Banned slavery and rum

Forms of Slave Resistance Violence Feigning Illness Breaking Tools Injuring Livestock Poisoning Master’s Food Burning Barns Running Away Syncretic Religious Beliefs Child Naming

Everyday Resistance Cone-shaped thatched roof huts & shotgun shacks “Dressing your station”

Forms of Slavery 3 types of slaves: skilled workers, house workers, and field hands

Slavery in the North New York & New Jersey = slave populations of 15% - 30% Shipyards, small farms, and domestic slave labor Philadelphia, Boston, New York had substantial free black communities Northern & Southern slave codes

Slave Codes 1632 = Bermuda created first British colonial slave codes 1682 = Virginia developed first North American slave codes Slaves legally defined as “chattel” Slaves not allowed to trade, read, own weapons, meet in groups, leave plantations without a pass, or defend themselves

The Stono Rebellion 1739 = South Carolina slave rebellion led by former Angola soldiers 44 slaves and 21 whites killed Over 100 slaves marched south to Florida

From the PBS documentary Slavery & the Making of America

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