Effects of the Reformation What happened as a result of the Reformation? Open your books to page 340

Europe is divided over religion During the 1500’s, the majority of Europe was Catholic. As a result of The Reformation, Europe split into two sections that were divided by religion. Most of northern Europe became Protestant while southern Europe remained Catholic. Turn your books to page 341 to see where they split.

Division of Europe In the Holy Roman Empire, kings got to choose the religion. Why would this be a problem? Well, if you’re a Protestant living in Catholic territory, wars between kingdoms are going to be a result.

People got tired of war People were getting sick of the constant wars over religion. People packed up all their stuff, and moved to the Americas, where all of you live today. Would you guys pack up your stuff and move to a whole new continent?

Division in the Americas When people immigrated to the Americas, they brought their religious beliefs with them. Most of them were Protestants.

The Original 13 Colonies When they got here, they formed the original 13 colonies.

Religious Wars In Europe In Germany many peasants began to rebel against land owners for equal rights. Sometimes the wars were over which religion was going to control the government. Most of the time it was Protestants fighting against Catholics for control.

France French Protestants were known as Huguenots. The French king wanted all Huguenots out of France. In 1562, a noble killed a group of Huguenots. This caused a series of small wars between Catholics and Huguenots for 20 years.

France – It gets worse! The worst day of this series of fighting came on St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre. In the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre, over 3,000 Huguenots were killed in Paris, France on August 24, 1752. Why??????????????????

WHY? Because Huguenots were Protestants!

Edict of Nantes The fighting stopped in 1598 when King Henry IV issued the Edict of Nantes. The Edict of Nantes gave religious freedom to French Protestants living in France. It gave them the right to worship freely anywhere in France except for Paris. Tensions between Catholics and Protestants continued.

The Holy Roman Empire In Prague, the King was trying to establish Catholicism as the only religion in his region which caused more problems. This started the Thirty Years War.

The Thirty Years War The Thirty Years Wars is a series of wars fought for 30 years by many of the countries of Europe. Although the war began for religious reasons, in the end it became political. For example, the Catholic King of France helped the Protestants, because he hated the Holy Roman Emperor.

The Thirty Years War

The Thirty Years War In the end, the war was more about individual reasons: Some wanted to expand their territory. Some wanted to expand their trading rights. Other wanted to take out their political rivals.

The Treaty of Westphalia The Treaty of Westphalia put an end to the Thirty Years War. As a result, each ruler was able to choose what their religion would be. Germany became independent with no single ruler above them. Finally, the Holy Roman Empire no longer existed.

Social Changes People began to govern their own churches. Congregation – Church Assembly. They elected someone to represent them, because they felt their ideas were important too. This gave way to people wanting to govern themselves, politically as well.

Social Changes As a result, central government began to share power with local government. This gave way to federalism. Federalism – The sharing of power between local government and a strong central government.

Who are these guys? How do they relate to federalism?

National Government Rights Print Money Only the federal government can print money.

National Government Powers Provide an Army and Navy Declare War

National Government Powers Establish a post office. What goes on at a post office?

State Powers Only states have the right to issue drivers license. Why do they look so different?

State Powers State’s have the right to conduct elections at the local, state, and federal level. Adults (who are U.S. citizens and not felons) can vote for the president, governor, mayor etc.

State Powers Establish local governments. Who are these people? Your parents helped put them in office!

Federal and State Shared Powers Make and enforce Laws – They can decide on what are fair laws, but the state decides the punishment. Do we have capital punishment in California? Collect taxes, taxes, taxes, taxes…. Build roads - like the highways that we use everyday. Establish Courts – We have Federal and State Courthouses in Fresno. If you commit a federal crime, like making counterfeit (fake) money, you go to a federal court house.

New View of the World Federalism gave way to the sciences. How, you ask? Well people wanted to know more about the physical world. They didn’t want someone telling them about it. It didn’t matter if it was a Greek scholar or a religious leader.

Division within Europe Division in the Americas Most people in northern countries were Protestant. Spain was Catholic. Holy Roman Empire was a patchwork of both. Keeping peace was difficult. Many wars broke out over religion. Division in the Americas Catholic missionaries went to Mexico, Central America, and South America. Those places are mostly Catholic today. Places settled by Protestants mostly from England, included the original 13 colonies that became the U.S. EFFECTS OF THE REFORMATION St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre was the Worst day of fighting after 20 years of war. 3,000 Protestants were killed. The Edict of Nantes gave religious freedom everywhere but Paris. France Most people were Catholic. Some became Protestants known as Huguenots. The French King decided to get rid of all the Protestants. It was tense, but not violent. Holy Roman Empire The Thirty Years War was a long series of wars involving much of Europe. The Holy Roman Empire ended.

FEDERALISM FEDERAL POWERS STATE POWERS Shared Powers