THE SECOND AGE The Farmer, The Smith, The Wheel. Farmer, Smith, Wheel  Social influences of copper and iron  The Common ground  The wheel  Glass 

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Civilization: Case Study of Ur in Sumer
Advertisements

Prehistory 10,000 BC to 1400 I.Climate stability following the Ice Age in 10,000 BC created cultural changes. II.Hunter / Gathering becomes “civilizations”
EARLY TECHNOLOGY Fire and Basic Machines. FIRE First form of fire came from…
Chapter 3 Early Humans and the Agricultural Revolution
TECHNOLOGY. When did Technology Begin Technological time line on pages 494 – 497 Technological time line on pages 494 – 497 People used fire for cooking.
Humans Discover Farming!
Domestication Agriculture Surplus. Warm Up 1.Tell me 2 things about hunter gatherers. 2.Tell me 2 things about domestication. 3.Tell me 2 things about.
{ How did human impact their environment? Khalil Hill 3/28/12 Per 5.
Analyzing Civilizations: The Beginnings of Architecture.
The Seven Technological Ages of Man
Examples of how humans have interacted and changed the environment through the ages.
Early Man Early man interacted with their environment by: Hunted animals Nothing wasted Gathered plants Uses environment to make shelter. Made weapons.
From the stone age to the iron age
EARLY HISTORY UNIT 11. Paleolitic periodNeolitic periodAncient History Timeline.
By Poppy G. Introduction This is a power point about Britain from the Stone Age to the Iron Age.
Chapter 1 Sect 3 Beginning of Civilization Irrigation-supplying land with water through a network of canals Surplus: more than is needed Artisan-worker.
“Describe the hunter-gatherer societies, including the development of tools and the use of fire.” The Paleolithic Era Old Stone Age: 40,000 B.C. to 10,000.
Chapter 2 Africa: Shaped by Its History
Bellwork Please try to define any of the following terms to the best of your ability: – Stone Age – Neolithic Revolution – Civilization Be prepared to.
The Palaeolithic Age 500,000 BC – 10,000 BC Earliest known stone tools
MACHINES. The earliest machines were very simple devices such as a rod to pry a rock out of the ground. Ramps helped the pyramid builders in Egypt raise.
Section 1: The First People Although humans have lived on the earth for more than a million years, writing was not invented until about 5,000 years ago.
Beginnings of Agriculture
How did humans directly impact their environment Talent 21 project period 9 Michael jones.
Madison Puccio Talent * Our classes talent 21 project is about how the early civilizations impacted the environment. The five city states we.
The Neolithic Revolution
Chapter 1 The Peopling of the World. Introduction Pre-History - The time before writing (about 3,000 BC) Pre-History - The time before writing (about.
Pre-history. Key Terms Artifacts Culture Hominids Nomads Hunter-gatherers Agricultural Revolution Domestication Civilization Slash-and-burn farming.
Concepts of Engineering and Technology Introduction to Engineering Fundamentals and Civilization Part 2 - History Photo Courtesy of Gary Payne/Denton Record-ChroniclePhoto.
The Neolithic Revolution (8000BCE-3500BCE) AKA Agricultural Revolution: Humans begin to slowly domesticate plants and animals. Introduction of farming.
Civilization A complex culture with five characteristics:
The Neolithic Revolution
By Isaiah Almodovar Talent 21 Project 2012 HOW DID HUMANS DIRECTLY IMPACT THEIR ENVIRONMENT.
Human Interaction With The Environment
Ancient Stuff 8000 B.C.E. to Around 600 C.E. Pulling it all together.
Humans Interact With The Environment
Understanding Our Origins: Where Did Humans Come From?
CIVILIZATION.  Understand the shift from independent Agricultural Villages to complex cities and civilizations  Recognize and understand the 5 characteristics.
How did Humans Impact their Environment?
Chapter 1.  History- written and recorded events of people  Prehistory- the time period before history  Archaeologists- scientists who examine objects.
Concepts of Engineering and Technology UNT in partnership with TEA. Copyright ©. All rights reserved. Introduction to Engineering Fundamentals & Civilization.
Neolithic Revolution.
How did humans directly impact their environment in prehistoric times? Talent 21 project done by Lena Nguyen in 2012.
Humans Discover Farming! Neolithic Age = New Stone Age! Settlement in River Valleys around 10,000 B.C.
BELL RINGER Write about the following questions. Why do people like to live in cities? Why would early peoples want to live in cities? Why would an increase.
The effect of man Talent 21 By: Westley Ney Period 3.
Roads & Bridges. Aqueducts Dark Ages  Fall of Roman empire (450 AD)  Contact between Rome and Britain ended  Roman roads, bridges & aqueducts died.
Talent 21 project Social Studies By: Dillon Connelly.
CARDIO 1.Look at page 65 in your text book. Why do you think some people were happy to settle in villages?
Talent 21 Project 2011 By Jarom Dato. Introduction Humans now are impacting their environment. Humans started to impact their environment earlier than.
Concepts of Engineering and Technology Introduction to Engineering Fundamentals and Civilization Part 2 - History Photo Courtesy of Gary Payne/Denton Record-ChroniclePhoto.
Talent 21 Project 2012 Social Studies How did Humans Directly Impact their environment?
TED Unit 2 Lesson 1. BIG IDEA: QUESTIONS TO PONDER…  When did technology begin?  What were the first inventions?  How did technology impact humans?
THE TRANSFORMATION OF AGRICULTURE. Agriculture also has transformed!!
Early Human Technology EQ how did technology change early human civilization?
EARLY MAN The first Homo sapiens emerged between 100,000 – 400,000 years ago in eastern Africa. They spread to Europe, Asia, Australia, and the Americas.
The Stone Age Objective: To compare and contrast the new and old stone age HW: Listen to chapter 3 online: How are the Old and New Stone Ages alike? OLD.
Ancient World History Chapter 1 Jeopardy Review Game.
Civilizations. Stone Age People Lived 2 million years ago in eastern Africa Hunters and Gatherers (What does this mean?) –Fruit, seeds, nuts and insects,
They are made with FEW or no moving parts. WHEEL & AXLE SCREW WEDGE INCLINED PLANE PULLEY LEVERGEAR.
Humans Try to Control Nature Chapter 1 section 2.
Prehistory Before History!.
The Peopling of the World
Analyze and assess the evolution and influence of technology
Concepts of Engineering and Technology
PREHISTORY.
The Beginnings of Human Society
The Story of Prehistory 200,000 B.C. To 3,000 B.C.
Neolithic Revolution & Rise of Civilizations
Presentation transcript:

THE SECOND AGE The Farmer, The Smith, The Wheel

Farmer, Smith, Wheel  Social influences of copper and iron  The Common ground  The wheel  Glass  Gearing  Early machines in Egypt  Greece & Rome  The Dark ages

Introduction  Nomadic hunter to agricultural villager  End of last ice age brought life (10,000 BC)  Wild wheat and goat grass  Wheat, barley, & millet was harvested  Villages grew to cities  reed & mud, unbaked clay, baked brick  Animals were domesticated  Copper, tin, & bronze (Mesopotamia)

Social Influences of Copper & Iron Cause  Copper and Bronze were expensive  Skill Craftsman  Metals were used for ornaments  Society was a hierarchy  Ironmaking & forging was complex  Iron was inexpensive Effect  Metal tools expensive  Farmers used wood, stone, & bone tools  Elitist Society  Small agricultural surpluses  Democratic metal  IRON AGE

The Common Ground  Metallurgy became the common ground  Society needed food  Farming community needed tools  Metal workers became skilled craftsmen  Mining of Ores (Copper, Tin, Iron)  Construction of Furnaces & Crucibles  Bellows (3,000 BC) from skins/hides  Transportation (wheel !) industry grew

Plough  Not possible in Copper age  Improvement of hoe for tilling  Caschrom - lightweight man-plough  Animal-drawn plough (3,000 BC)

Egyptian Hand Digging Instrument (1500 BC)

Tools From Early Metallurgy  Plough  Copper Nails & Rivets (Egypt, 2500 BC)  Iron nails used in ships  Woodscrews (Roman, 400 AD)  Shears (Egypt, 4500 BC)

The Wheel  Used for transporting heavy loads  Evolved from potters wheel  First was stone ?  Solid wood  Spoked  Axle - Egyptian war chariot

Transporting Heavy Loads

Stretcher

Sledge

Ur (3,500 BC)

Mercurago

Mercurago

Egyptian (1500 BC)

Assyrian (700 BC)

Greek (400 BC)

Etruscan (400 BC)

Roman (300 BC)

Etruscan (300 BC)

Plaustrum (200 BC)

Roman (100 AD)

Leonardo

Pneumatic Studded (1907)

Gearing  Purposes  Friction - no teeth (Aristotle, 384 BC)  Materials  Wood - large units transmitting power  bronze or brass - timekeeping, astronomy  Lanthorne & trundle  Helical gears (Robert Hooke, 1666 AD)

Early Machines in Egypt  Hero of Alexandria (BC/AD)  Lever (3000 BC)  Wheel & Axle (3000 BC)  Wedge (3000 BC)  Pulley (700 BC) - Not used in pyramids  Screw

Chinese  Cast iron (350 BC)  13 centuries before the west  Double-acting box bellows  Steel (100 BC)  Papermaking (100 AD)  Gunpowder  Little technology transfer to west despite “Silk Road”

Greece  Heavily dependent on slaves  Great builders  Architecture  Scientists instead of technologists  Mathematics, Astronomy, Philosophy  Not great inventors  Archimedes  Horizontal waterwheel (Norse mill)  0.5 horsepower

Architecture - Parthenon

Horizontal Waterwheel

Roman  Heavily dependent on slaves  Vertical waterwheel (Vitruvius, 180 AD)  3.0 horsepower  Bridges & roads  Aqueducts  Water usage  270 liters per person per day  Lead pipes  Fall of Roman empire

Vertical Waterwheel