E-Textbooks Robin Donaldson, Director, Open Access Textbooks Project and Project Manager, The Orange Grove David Nelson, Project Manager, Open Access Textbooks Project

Overview Florida Distance Learning Consortium (FDLC)  Open Access Textbooks Project Providing Access  Orange Grove Texts Plus (OGT+) Assuring Quality and Print Versions  University Press of Florida (UPF) Legislation Library’s role

Florida Distance Learning Consortium (FDLC)

Definitions E-textbooks (electronic textbooks) Digital textbooks Open access textbooks Open textbooks

E-textbooks & Digital textbooks  An educational or instructional book in digital form  May or may not have print version  Electronic book which offers various interactive functions and multimedia contents  E-textbooks, digital textbooks = commercial products

Open textbooks 1. …freely available through an open license that permits users to: read, download, copy, distribute, self-print, search, or link to the full texts without financial, legal or technical barriers. 2. In addition, students may often be able to order a commercially bound print-on-demand copy at a modest cost. 3. Freely accessible digital textbooks that can be read online, downloaded, and self-printed at no or low cost. Utah - open textbooks in Language Arts, Science, and Mathematics at a cost of $5 per textbook Students focused on cost. What’s missing?

Open textbook licensing Commercial publishers usually own copyright and reserve all printing or duplication rights. Open textbook authors retain their copyright instead of selling it and may apply limited rights to textbook use.

Basic Conditions  Provide attribution to author(s)  Non-commercial purposes Optional Conditions  Add, remove, or alter content (derivative works) – CC BY-ND  Derivative works must offer the same license (share alike) CC BY-SA  Use of the textbook commercially – CC BY-NC

Florida Distance Learning Consortium The Orange GroveOpen Access Textbook Project

The Open Access Textbooks Project Purpose: Create sustainable model for open textbook initiatives Financial support: Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education (FIPSE) Method: Surveys, webinars, symposium Product: The Model

Open Textbook Priorities accessible adaptable affordable

Primary and Secondary Stakeholders Students (and Parents) Faculty (and Staff) Institutional Leaders Florida Higher Education Leaders Executive & Legislative Leaders Citizens

Faculty Open Access Textbook Survey Florida Public Postsecondary Faculty and Administrators 43% College 57% University 90.4% Faculty 9.6% Administrators Conducted Fall, 2009 n = 2,707 Currently being repeated Conducted Fall, 2009 n = 2,707 Currently being repeated

Familiar with Open Access Textbooks? All InstitutionsUniversitiesColleges NPercentN N Not at All % % % Somewhat familiar % % % Very Familiar1977.3%1197.8%776.6% Total % % % Faculty Familiarity with Open Access Textbooks

How many faculty respondents had ever used open access materials? Colleges: 10.8% Universities: 12.9% Majority of this group had used “other” open access - supplementary materials Administrators reported higher rates of use of all types of open access materials

1.Academic quality 2.Time to find, review and select 3.Knowledge about 4.Desire to reduce costs to students 5.Hardware, software to facilitate use Ranking of Factors Influencing Decision to Use Open Access Materials

Tenure and Promotion: Barrier to Development of Digital Educational Materials OERs and open textbooks are not widely accepted as scholarly works for determining promotion and tenure. Medical OER Meeting First meeting - Confirmed OER inclusion in promotion & tenure consideration a barrier to development by faculty Funding and sustaining OERs & open textbooks

Florida Student Textbook Survey Data Students overwhelmingly said – let me choose how to interact with my instructional materials. Approximately 70% want the opportunity to buy a print textbook, but also want the opportunity to download it to one or more devices. Survey closed December 12, 2010 n = 14,007 Public, post-secondary students Survey closed December 12, 2010 n = 14,007 Public, post-secondary students

BUY NEW OR USED BOOKS FROM NON-CAMPUS SOURCE BUY USED COPIES FROM CAMPUS BOOKSTORE SELL USED BOOKS SHARE BOOKS DO NOT PURCHASE TEXTBOOK RENT “E” VERSION LIBRARY

SEARCH TIME AVAILABLE FOR USE SELF-PRINT HIGHLIGHTING COMMERCIAL BOOK COPY AND PASTE ADD NOTES

The cost of required textbooks has caused me to -

PRACTICE QUESTIONS 87.9% POWERPOINT 59.7% INTERACTIVE 45.5% VIDEO 43.1%

YES 47.2% MAYBE 40.3% NO 10.9% Would you be willing to pay between $5 and $10 for every open textbook you use?

Summary of Identified Issues 1.Faculty have difficulty finding open textbooks 2.Quality is #1 priority for both faculty and student leaders when selecting or using textbook 3.89% of student survey respondents indicate that practice problems improve their grades 4.70% of students want to be able to purchase a commercial print edition at low cost.

Addressing Issues OG Repository WebAssign University POD Publisher of Florida Press

Solution to Identified Need: faculty have difficulty finding open textbooks

Florida’s digital repository for instructional resources Goals of The Orange Grove:  Provide a means for educators to share resources  Increase opportunities for Florida educators to incorporate open educational resources (OER) into curricula  Increase access to OERs from around the world  Provide training and support for educators to find, use, and create OERs

Provides: File Storage and URLs for open textbooks Metadata = Discoverability Access  Download  Purchase commercial print copy  Link to  Self-print

Metadata in The Orange Grove Examples of metadata  Title  Author  Description  Date contributed  Comments & Ratings  ERIC, MeSH, GEM, Common Core Standards, Common Course Numbers

Orange Grove Collections Collections open to the public:  Orange Grove  Open Textbooks  Harvested Resources

Harvesting Open Textbooks InTech – STEM textbooks and books Connexions – Open Textbook K-20 CK-12 - Open textbooks for K-12

Solution to Identified Need: Quality is #1 priority for both faculty and student leaders when selecting or using textbook The University Press of Florida

Highly recognized and regarded scholarship dissemination for state Acquisitions: select and guide textbook projects Development: editing, design, index, ISBN, proof, print, marketing, sales Distribution: bookstores (malls and campus)

University Press Open Textbook Consortium In 2011, UPF Director Meredith Babb convened reps from 21 University Presses (US, Canada, and The Netherlands) Goal: “Each participating University Press will provide at least one acceptable, peer-reviewed, open access text for use throughout the country/world.” Focus: Textbook and business model

Solution to Identified Need: 89% of student survey respondents indicate that practice problems improve their grades

 Independent Company in Raleigh, NC - ww.webassign.netww.webassign.net  Dynamic online homework system with feedback  Automatically graded, tracked assignments  Multiple question types  Tools to enter mathematical and chemical notation  Embed links to open textbook content, videos, tutorials  Offer instructors the ability to embed personal content (questions, notes, videos)

Solution to Identified Need: 70% of students want to be able to purchase a commercial print edition at low cost Print-On-Demand Publisher (POD)

 Low cost  On-line commerce  Quality commercial book  Minimum order = 1 and no maximum order limits  0-48 hour turn around  Multiple print locations around the world

Assuring Quality and Print Versions OGT+ YouTube Video

E-Textbook & Open Textbook Initiatives and Legislation California Florida Indiana Ohio Utah Washington

Florida SB 2120 Transition to electronic and digital instructional material pilot program Electronic or digital textbooks by Pilot programs authorized between After each year, districts report:  Successful practices  Lessons learned  Level of investment and cost-effectiveness  Impacts on student performance

California Proposed Legislation Bill 1: Digital Open Source Textbooks  Produce 50 high quality open textbooks and related materials  Bidding open to publishers, faculty, and other interested parties  CC BY license  $25,000,000 Bill 2: California Digital Open Source Library  Create a statewide repository for open textbooks and related materials  Provide incentives to faculty for choosing lower cost alternatives such as open textbooks and related teaching tools  Require publishers to provide free copies of textbooks to campus libraries to be placed on reserve

Ohio’s Digital Bookshelf Initiative Aim: Quality options for faculty and better learning outcomes and savings for students using state licensing & state books Introduction to Psychology – 23 digital texts from Cengage, McGraw Hill, Worth, Wiley, and Pearson 24 institutions participated Example savings to students in one term:  U. of Cincinnati students - $62,000 savings  OSU - 45 students - $2,500 savings (print /list price)  Ohio U. Eastern - 0 students

Indiana University Spring 2012 eTexts InitiativeeTexts Initiative  Agreements with publishers and Courseload  130 class sections, 5,300 students  Cost-saving deals with publishers save $25/book or online supplement  $100,000 total savings over similar offerings  More options for printing and long-term use Piloted in 2009, it is now available to faculty at all campuses

Washington State Open Course Library  State Board of Community and Technical Colleges  Complete course materials for the 81 highest enrollment courses for $30 or less, open licensed  First 42 courses released for Spring 2012  Remaining 41 courses due in 2013  Funded by the Washington State Legislature and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation House Bill 2337 House Bill 2337 Regarding Open Educational Resources in K-12 Education  Allocates 1.5% of curriculum and textbooks funds for development of openly licensed courseware  Would builds on work of CK-12 and other openly licensed textbooks and open educational resources

More Washington Legislation House Bill 2336 House Bill Requiring a model policy for open licensing of courseware developed with state funds.  Requires the Washington state school directors‘ association … to convene an advisory committee to develop a model policy for the open licensing of courseware developed with state funds.

Utah Office of Education: develop & support open textbooks Secondary curriculum areas:  Language Arts  Science  Mathematics Office of Education will encourage districts to adopt Pilot program of 3,800 science students - $5/print book Books updated as needed, not on publisher schedule

The Library’s Role What is it?

FDLC Presents: Developing a Digital Textbook Strategy for Your Campus February 8, 2012 | Lake Mary, Florida Keynote: Diane Harley, UC Berkeley Institutional Models:  Rhonda Epper, Colorado Community College System  Brad Wheeler, University of Indiana State Models:  Steve Acker, Ohio Digital Bookshelf  Tom Caswell, Washington State Faculty Perspectives Publisher Voice Comparing Pathways – Support and Sustainability Models Register: and see Digital Textbook Symposiumwww.fldlc.org

Contact Information Robin Donaldson (850) David Nelson (850) Florida Distance Learning Consortium 1753 West Paul Dirac Drive Tallahassee, FL florida.theorangegrove.org florida.theorangegrove.org openaccesstextbooks.org