International Association of Women in Radio and Television Ethical Journalism Network Turning the Page of Hate Dar Es Salaam, May 12 th 2015

Who we are A coalition of media professional groups from Europe and around the world committed to building trust in media and promoting principles of ethical journalism, good governance and self- regulation in the digital age

Turning the Page of Hate: A New Campaign to Promote Tolerance in Journalism Launched April 18 th 2014 in Rwanda to mark 20 anniversary of Genocide Aims to mobilise journalism at all levels against manipulation of media and journalism as weapons of hatred and incitement to violence

Case Study: Rwanda 1994: 800,000 Killed. Hate media helped organise slaughter

Hate Speech in the Media Focus Islamaphobia Anti-Semitism Genocide Religion Race relations Migration Gender equality Homosexuality

Why Campaign? To defend Journalism and Human Rights Society is based on respect for rights. These rights are set out in international conventions and standards. Humanity’s code of conduct: Universal Declaration of Human Rights International Convention on Civil and Political Rights Other international conventions – labour rights, torture, genocide, acts of war Journalism also has its own codes. There are more than 400 codes at national and global level.

Hate speech and free expression Hate speech can be a way of mobilising public support for actions that threaten the lives of others. Propaganda has always been an important strategic aspect of making war. But people are entitled to free speech, even if they hold offensive and hurtful opinions. But what are the limits? And who draws the red lines which define the frontiers of tolerance?

Challenge of Combating Hate in Media Hate speech matter of international concern since 1945 International legal prohibition over hate speech related to race and ethnicity Lack of clear definition Need for informed, careful and inclusive journalism

Combating Hatred is about Telling the Story in Context According to ethical obligations: Truth Independence Impartiality Humanity Accountability

Ethical Journalism Network Media Making Their Mark in The Election: A Five-Point Test Aidan White

Elections: A Test of Journalism and Demcocracy Information on Election Process Information on Political Choices Give Voice to All Promote Civility in Public Discourse Expose Corruption

Focus on Accuracy and Humanity Fact-based Communications Careful, Sensitive Reporting Give Information People NEED Challenge hate-speech Avoid Rush to Publish

5-Point Test for Hate Speech One: The position or status of the speaker Just because someone says something outrageous does not make it newsworthy. Is the speaker representative and influential or obscure and unknown?

5-Point Test for Hate Speech Two: The reach of the speech A private conversation in a public place may include unspeakable ideas but do little harm. But speech to large public audiences and dissemination through the Internet can have widespread impact.

5-Point Test for Hate Speech Three: Intention of the speech Is the objective to incite violence and intense hatred? Is the speech targeting individuals and groups (in particular, marginalised communities or vulnerable minorities). Who suffers through publication? Who benefits?

5-Point Test for Hate Speech Four: Content and form of speech. Are the words, pictures, gestures and manner of the speech likely to generate intense hatred and incite violence?

5-Point Test for Hate Speech Five: The economic, social and political climate Inflammatory speech is particularly dangerous at times of political tension, the threat of war, and of public anxiety over social and economic conditions.

Ethical Questions It is vital not to sensationalise. Ethical journalists will ask: Is there a danger of inflaming passions and incitement to violence? Is the speech fact-based and have the claims been tested? Have we avoided cliché and stereotypes? Have we been temperate in use of language? Do the pictures tell the story without violence and voyeurism? Are there diverse sources and minority voices?

Media Solidarity: An Election Manfesto Dialogue with other media to Combat Common Threats Demand Respect from Political Community over Right to Report and Hate Speech Work Together to Protect safety of Journalists

Today Everyone can Tell Their Story It’s only Journalism if it’s ethical