Postwar Korea. Outline Overview Japanese rule (1910 - 1945) Korean War (1950 - 1953) Republic of Korea Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Inter-Korean.

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Presentation transcript:

Postwar Korea

Outline Overview Japanese rule ( ) Korean War ( ) Republic of Korea Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Inter-Korean relations

Japanese rule ( ) Control educational system –Japanese language and culture Control land (40% of entire country) Infrastructure –railroads and telegraph lines Industrialization Provisional Government-in-exile (1919)

38th Parallel ( ) Soviet & U.S. divided Korea along 38th parallel after Japan surrendered in , Republic of Korea was established (43% area, 60% population) –President: Rhee Syngman , Democratic People’s Republic of Korea was established –Premier: Kim Il-Sung

Dulles, Rhee, & MacArthur nationalist goals vs. Cold War strategies

Korean War ( ) Most fighting happened truce negotiations Military Demarcation Line (MDL) ( )

Mutual Defense Treaty 1953 ROK-US Mutual Defense Treaty –"the right to dispose United States... forces in and about the territory of the Republic of Korea as determined by mutual agreement.” –US authorities may request that Korean authorities transfer jurisdiction over crimes that fall under Korean jurisdiction. The Korean judiciary must consent.

Republic of Korea President Rhee Syngman ( ) –autocrat resigned amid popular protests 1961 military coup by Park Chung-Hee –relations with Japan normalized in 1965 –economic takeoff –assassinated in 1979

ROK Economic Takeoff Park’s authoritarian rule ( ) –annual economic growth rate of 9.2% –one of the four Asian “little dragons” year per capita GDP (US$) export (US$) million ,503 17,500.0 million

Democratization in ROK Army General Chun ( ) 1980, Kwangju massacre 1987, Declaration of Political Reforms 1988 election, opposition parties won majority in National Assembly Kim Young Sam won presidential election in 1992 –1st elected civilian president

Current President 2012 presidential election –Park Geun-hye (Park Chung-Hee’s daughter)

North Korea Democratic People’s Republic of Korea –area slightly smaller than Mississippi –population 23 million Capital: Pyongyang Ruling party: Worker’s Party of Korea

The Kim political dynasty Kim Jong-Il succeeded his father, Kim Il- Sung, as the supreme leader in Kim Jong-Un succeeded his father, Kim Jong-Il, as the supreme leader in 2011.

Inter-Korean Relations 1972 Joint-Communiqué President Kim Dae-Jung’s “Sunshine Policy” (engagement) since 1997 Kim visited Pyongyang in 2000 and won Nobel Peace Prize 2nd summit in 2007 between Roh and Kim

Inter-Korean Relations Inter-Korean Ministerial Talks since 2000 South-North Economic Cooperation Promotion Committee Inter-Korean Red Cross talks –18 face-to-face and 7 video reunions were held between 2000 and –4,321 separated families & 21,734 individuals Interruption by nuclear tests, conflicts, etc.

Inter-Korean Relations railway and road reconnection North Korea tourism