בס " ד מבוא לקורס אתיקה רפואית ביהדות Introduction to Course in Jewish Medical Ethics (JME) B. Gesundheit MD PhD

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Presentation transcript:

בס " ד מבוא לקורס אתיקה רפואית ביהדות Introduction to Course in Jewish Medical Ethics (JME) B. Gesundheit MD PhD 1

2. Goals of this on-line course in JME 3. What to teach in JME? The Syllabus & Methods 4. Course Requirements & Tests (Evaluation) Outline of Introduction Teaching Jewish Medical Ethics 1. Why to Teach “Medical Ethics” & JME? 5. On-line teaching: Pro & Contra

“Con” no personal interaction, discussion… Reflective Writing Forum Seminars, Conferences, International transcultural research Teaching Medical Ethics 1. Why to Teach Medical Ethics? Sir William Osler Broad General Education of Physicians Moore AR. Medical humanities: an aid to ethical discussions. J Med Ethics. 1977;3(1):26-32 Moore AR. Sounding board. Medical humanities - a new medical adventure. NEJM 1976;295:  Medicine = Human Condition  Understand Patients’ believe systems  Patient-Physician-Relationship (PPR)  Public Awareness of Bioethical Dilemmas  Clinical Performance & Service   Integral part of Medical Education

Comparative & Intercultural Approach Medical Ethics in Israel The State of Israel is an example of a newly emerging society that is attempting to harmonize traditional values embedded in an ancient religious tradition with the contemporary outlook in confronting the concerns and dilemmas of bioethics. S. Siegel in Encyclopedia of Bioethics, 1978 *Medical Ethics, History of 1. Why to Teach Jewish Medical Ethics? Secular Bioethics Steinberg, A. Medical Ethics: Secular and Jewish Approaches in Rosner, Fred (ed.) Medicine and Jewish Law, New York Teaching Medical Ethics Teaching Jewish Medical Ethics Jewish Medical Ethics

1. Identify ethical issues in Medicine 2. Systematic analysis of major bioethical issues including historical, secular bioethical background, other religious & cultural attitudes. 3. Background in classical Jewish literature ערכים ממורשת ישראל 4. Sources and background of Israeli Law 5. Theoretical knowledge & insights  Develop personal values & attitudes  Improve future clinical performance 2. Goals of this on-line course in JME

Teaching Medical Ethics A SYLLABUS FOR MEDICAL ETHICS Stage A (Pre-clinical) A. Basic knowledge of bioethics Stage B (Clinical rotations) B. Topics through life-span (during Rotations) Stage C (Exams) C. Personal focus and interests Topics according to life-span Rotations Case studies ! ! ! Personal projects Grand rounds Monthly meetings in Bioethics Local interests Future interests & research Discussion & debate Reflective writing  Consensus Personal motivation Medical oaths & codes History of Bioethics Foundation of B. Concepts in B: Obligation to heal, (truth-telling, malpractice …) Legal aspect … Literature of ethics 3. What to teach in JME? The Syllabus & Methods

קהלת י " ב, ט : וְיֹתֵר שֶׁהָיָה קֹהֶלֶת חָכָם עוֹד לִמַּד דַּעַת אֶת הָעָם וְאִזֵּן וְחִקֵּר תִּקֵּן מְשָׁלִים הַרְבֵּה Not only was the Teacher Koheleth wise, but he also taught knowledge to the people; he carefully evaluated and arranged many proverbs. עירובין כ " א ע " ב דרש רבא : מאי דכתיב וְיֹתֵר שֶׁהָיָה קֹהֶלֶת חָכָם עוֹד לִמַּד דַּעַת אֶת הָעָם וְאִזֵּן וְחִקֵּר תִּקֵּן מְשָׁלִים הַרְבֵּה ( קהלת י " ב, ט ) - לִמַּד דַּעַת אֶת הָעָם - דאגמריה בסימני טעמים ואסברה במאי דדמי ליה וְאִזֵּן וְחִקֵּר תִּקֵּן מְשָׁלִים הַרְבֵּה - אמר עולא אמר רבי אליעזר : בתחילה היתה תורה דומה לכפיפה שאין לה אזנים, עד שבא שלמה ועשה לה אזנים

מבנה, חומר ולו"ז של קורס מקוון + Moodle > 12 topics (  table of topics next slide) & recorded lectures ( min) Totally: ± 56 hours (in future: free choice of 56 hours)  ± 66% recorded lectures  ±33 % time to repeat, read, learn etc. the lectures  watch lectures in small groups, pairs + discuss

(מבחן) קורס " סוגיות באתיקה רפואית ביהדות " 26 פגישות, 2 סמסטרים ביקור חולים לא תעמוד על דם רעך (3) ניסויים על בעלי חיים (6) משאבים מוגבלים רשלנות רפואית רשות לרופא לרפאות ( הראי " ה קוק ) סיכון עצמי להצלת הזולת ( 4) אמירת אמת ( 4) שביתת רופאים טוב שברופאים לגיהנם ? (4) רמב " ם : רב, פילוסוף ורופא ( 4) מבוא לתולדות ההלכה (1) סקירה על אתיקה רפואית ביהדות ( 2) מאבד עצמו לדעת (6) הפלה ( 4) קביעת רגע המוות (6) ברית מילה ( 4) הנוטה למות \ המתת חסד ( 6) ניתוח מתים ( 4) וידוי ( 2) פוריות הפרייה מלאכותית התוכנית באתר, מתעדכנת הרצאה מעודכנת מוכן עם סרט מתוכנן כמעט מוכן מבוא לקורס ( 1)

הצגת החומר בכל הרצאה \ מצגת (דוגמא הפלה) תנ"ך שמות כ " א, כב ( בראשית ט ', ו – לפי חז " ל ) משנה גמרא משנה אהלות פ " ז מ " ו ; נידה פ " ה מ " ג בבלי סנהדרין ע " ב ע " ב ; נידה מ " ד ע " א ; ערכין ז ' ע " א, סנהדרין נ " ז ע " ב ראשונים איסור הפלה – מדאורייתא או מדרבנן טעם האיסור Clinical & Ethical Considerations Historical, Cultural & legal Background רקע כללי פוסקים להלכה מקרים מספרות הפוסקים מחלות של האם \ העובר, אונס... שיקולים הלכתיים וערכיים 10 שאלות לעיון ולהעמקה Reflective report

3. What to Teach in JME? The Syllabus “Con” no personal interaction, discussion… Reflective Writing Forum Seminars, Conferences, International transcultural research Teaching Jewish Medical Ethics SOURCES OF JEWISH MEDICAL ETHICS RELEVANCE !!! Modern Halakhah 21 th century Talmud Commentators & Responsa BibleMishna [450 CE][450- today][1500 BCE][200 CE] Poskim (“Decisors”) (>300’000) אבגדהאבגדה וזחטיוזחטי HALAKHAH = “it comes from Mt Sinai to us”

הפלה - המקורות ביהדות מפרשים ופוסקים היום -200 שמות כ " א, כב ( בראשית ט ', ו ) אבגדהאבגדה וזחטיוזחטי משנה אהלות פ " ז מ " ו ; תוספתא גיטין פ " ג ה " ח נידה פ " ה מ " ג תלמוד בבלי סנהדרין ע " ב ע " ב ; נידה מ " ד ע " א ; ערכין ז ' ע " א ; סנהדרין נ " ז ע " ב Teaching Medical Ethics אין מקורות רבים על דיני הפלה לכתחילה משנה וגמרא תנ"ך RELEVANCE !!! 12 פסיקה ההלכה אתיקה רפואית יהודית. משפט עברי

"מבחנים" (3\3) כִּי מִצִּיּוּן תֵּצֵא תוֹרָה וּדְבַר ה' מִירוּשָׁלִָם (ישעיהו ב') 50% Multiple Choice/short question on lectures 50% Reflective Reports Teaching Medical Ethics KnowledgePersonal attitude + Options for BONUS of 10%: Assignments, presentation in class? 4. Course Requirements & Tests (Evaluation)

Reflective Writing & Test Forum, online ± Local “trainer” Schedule of lectures/semesters Seminars, Conferences International trans-cultural research Textbook “Con” no personal interaction, discussion… Reflective Writing Forum Seminars, Conferences, International transcultural research 5.On-line teaching: Pro & Contra High quality material On-line Availability, up-dates Presentations, source material Recorded lectures Basic & Relevant Sources  Online Portal for JME Independent learning Moodle (= virtual class rooms) “Unlimited” number students Community of students&experts “UNIVERSAL” UNIVERSITY No personal interaction No discussion No class room teaching No … Pro Contra

BIBLIOGRAPHY Good luck! בהצלחה רבה!