Lesson 11 – Sino-American Relations Essential Question What led to the normalization of relations between the PRC and the US? Learning Outcomes - Students will: Preview – Why détente? Learn about the Sino-US rapproachment Success Criteria I can discuss who benefited from the Sino-US detente

Preview Why do you think the US and China would decide to normalize relations? What were their disagreements? What do they think would be gained?

Vocab One China Policy Détente Ping pong diplomacy

Background – 1950s 2 nd Chinese Civil War – US supported the KMT Korean War – PRC forces attack US forces as they approached the Yalu River Taiwan – US gives ‘China’s seat’ in the UN and Security Council, not mainland China – “One China Policy” 1954 – Mao bombs Quemoy and Matsu, along with US naval vessels US gives further economic and military aid SEATO – containment in Asia What do you think the key issues are for Sino-American Relations?

Background – 1960s Failure of the Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution China focused on domestic, rather than foreign, policy Vietnam War America is focused elsewhere

Detente Why did US want detente Vietnam showed containment didn’t work Nixon PRC had a nuclear bomb and ICBM Reduce commitments in Asia Why did China want detente Sino-Soviet split China gets UN and US out of Asia Worried about Japan China place amongst the Third World Pg. 141 – find evidence to support each point Pg. 142 – find evidence to support each point

Detente April 1971 – Ping pong diplomacy US ping-pong team visits China and vice versa At the time, Kissinger and Nixon communicated with China secretly July 1971 – Kissinger secretly visits China Feb 1972 – Nixon makes an official visit to China

What happened? China Got…. UN membership – 1971 Nixon supports giving PRC China’s seat on the Security Council and UN membership China able to gain links to other 3 rd World countries in the UN Taiwan – US would no longer oppose PRC but will not give up Taiwan Japan – 1978 – Treaty of friendship signed and second most important trading partner US got… Vietnam – Sino-US détente gave weight to negotiations with Soviet backed N. Vietnamese Soviets – forced to maintain detente Who benefited most from this Sino-US détente?