Smt.Sulochanadevi.Singhania School Presents “Sangeet Sadhana”

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS OF INDIA There are at least 500 known musical instruments used in classical, folk, tribal music. They are classified into 4 categories.

Musical Instruments

Tantu Vadya {chordophones} Bow shaped, stringed instruments played by either plucking or bowing by hands or plectrum. Sushir Vadya {aerophones} Hollow tubes, with/without appendages, produce sound by the vibration of air columns.

Avanaddha Vadya {membranophones} Hollow drums covered with skin used as rhythmic accompaniment. Ghana Vadya {idiophones} Rhythm beaters, from which sound can be elicited, played by banging.

Tantu Vadya {chordophones} VEENA

VEENA The Veena is a long neck lute made up of wood.It has 24 frets made up of metal & they are cast in a bed of wax. There are 4 metal strings run across to bridges made of bones which have metal surface. It also 2 big resonators & 3 drone strings. It is played by plucking the strings. It is used in “Carnatic Classical” music as a “Solo” instrument. It is also found in “Goddess Saraswati’s” hand.

EKTAARA

EKTAARA Ektaara is one of the most ancient form of string instrument. It has only 1 string played by plucking in rhythmic way. It is made up of wood & string is of metal. It has a humble tribal beginning, but has been, through the ages associated with “Keertan Chanting” {Hindu devotional practice of singing the divine names} by “Sadhus” {wandering holy men}. It is also used in “Sufi chanting”, “Bauls of Bengal”& also in modern Punjabi “Bhangra” {traditional dance form}.

Sitar Pt.Ravishankar Sarod Ustaad Amjad Ali khan

Sushir Vadya {aerophones} VENU

VENU The Venu is one of the oldest musical instrument associated with “Lord Krishna”. It is a keyless transverse flute made of bamboo. The fingers of both hands are used to close and open the holes. It has a blowing holes. It comes in various sizes. Basically a folk music instrument used in north India also called as “Bansuri”.

Pt.Hariprasad Chaurasia Flute Pt.Hariprasad Chaurasia

Shehnai Ustaad Bismillah Khan

Shehnai The shehnai is a double reeded wind instrument with a widening tube towards lower end. The upper 7 holes are for playing and lower ones are for tuning. It is basically used in folk music and considered auspicious and played in all festive occasions in India.

Avanaddha Vadya {membranophones} Tabla Ustaad Zakir Hussain

Tabla The Tabla is the overall term for 2 drums (right-wooden body and left-metal body) covered with black paste on it. The musicians use the base of the palm as well as fingers to produce great variations in sounds. It is used for the accompaniment of north Indian Classical music.

Dholak

Dholak The dholak is a classical North Indian, Cylindrical hand drum made of wood and has traditional lacing or turnbuckle tuning. The right membrane is simple but left one has special coating inside (mixture of tar, clay, sand) called Dholak masala providing well defined tone and lowering the pitch. It is used as accompaniment in Qawwali and Indian Film music.

Ghana Vadya {idiophones} Manjiri

Manjiri The Manjiri is basically a rhythmic instrument used for folk music. The Cymbals are made up of metal and tied with a cotton lace. The sound is created by banging on each other in a particular way to give varieties . The sound is very similar to give varieties. The is very similar to bells. It is especially used in devotional music of India.

Jaltarang Milind Tulankar

Jaltarang The jaltarang is essentially a water xylophone. It is made up of a series of China bowls of varying sizes and they are filled with varying levels of water which defines their pitch. The performer arranges them in semi-circle and sits in the middle and plays with 2 light sticks of bamboo, banging on the bowls.

Ghatam Pt.Vikku Vinayakram

CULTURAL DANCES OF INDIA

Garba

Garba is an Indian form of song & dance that originated in the Gujarat region. It is more similar to Western folk dance than to the presentational style of Indian classical dances such as bharatnatyam and odissi. The name garba comes from the Sanskrit term Garba Many traditional garbas are performed around a central lit lamp. The circular and spiral figures of Garba have similarities to other spiritual dances. Traditionally it is performed during the nine-day Hindu festival Navratri. Either the lamp or else an image of the Goddess Amba is placed in the middle of concentric rings as an object of veneration. People dance around the center, bending sideways at every step, their arms making sweeping gestures, each movement ending in a clap.

Dindi

Dindi Aashadhi Ekadashi is more of a religious procession festival and is celebrated during the months of June and July. This Mahaekadashi is also known as Shayani Ekadashi because on this day Vishnu falls asleep to wake four months later on Prabodhini Ekadashi.This period is known as chaturmas. The feast of Aashadhi Ekadashi is celebrated with great solemnly at Pandharpur.Presenting before you a glimpse of dindi to Pandharpur.

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