Prevention of Nosocomial Infections By: Ryan Laute Audience: Hospital Staff

What is a Nosocomial Infection? Infection that is acquired in a hospital or health care facility. Patient must have been admitted for other reason from newly acquired infection. He or she must also not show signs of active or incubating this new infection. What is a Nosocomial Infection?

Why are These Infections Relevant to Me? Protecting yourself from infection. Protecting patients from infection. Enhancing quality of care. Reducing unnecessary treatments. Reduction of Cost. Increase of patient satisfaction. Why are These Infections Relevant to Me?

Examples of Nosocomial Infections Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) Urinary tract infections (UTI) Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) Examples of Nosocomial Infections

What is VAP? (VAP) Stands for ventilator associated pneumonia. This nosocomial infection can be extremely prevalent in patients health care settings. (VAP) Can be prevented by taking the proper precautions and following hospital policy related to vent and trach care. What is VAP?

Poor oral hygiene in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. Drug resistant strains of bacteria. Non-sterile vent equipment. Poor hand hygiene. Body positioning. Causes of VAP

Prevention Methods for VAP Proper oral hygiene can help reduce VAP occurrences. Removal of endotracheal secretions. Humidification device implementation. Silver coated endotracheal tube. Subglottic continuous suctioning. Prophylactic PEEP. Prevention Methods for VAP

Catheter-Related Blood Stream Infections (CRBSI)

What is a CRBSI? Can also be called catheter-related sepsis. It is defined as the presence of bacteremia originating from an I.V catheter. CRBSI’s are one of the most common types of nosocomial infections. What is a CRBSI?

Causes of CRBSI Non-aseptic technique during insertion of catheter. Non-aseptic technique during dressing change of catheter. Non proper skin disinfection around site on catheter. Causes of CRBSI

Prevention Methods for CRBSI Maintaining aseptic technique during placement of catheter. Maintaining aseptic technique during changing of dressings. Proper choosing of catheter site. Removal of non-essential catheters. Prevention Methods for CRBSI

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in any part of your urinary system such as your kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. Most infections involve the lower urinary tract that is the bladder and the urethra. What is a UTI?

Occurs when bacteria enters the urinary tract and travels through the urethra. Non-aseptic technique when placing urinary catheters. Duration of urinary catheter when left in patient. Compromised immune systems. Causes of a UTI

Prevention Methods for UTIs Aseptic placement of urinary catheter. Implementation of proper hand hygiene before insertion of catheter. Anti-microbial or antiseptic should be considered for site disinfection. Removal of urinary catheter as soon as possible, when appropriate. Prevention Methods for UTIs

Proper Hand Hygiene

Why is Hand Hygiene is Important Prevents the spread of nosocomial infections. Prevents the growth of resistant bacteria. Prevents illness. Prevents a longer hospital stay for patients. Cost effective. http://www.cdc.gov/handhygiene/ Why is Hand Hygiene is Important

Steps for Proper Hand Washing

When You Should Wash Your Hands After going to the toilet. After blowing your nose. After smoking. After handling/patting animals. Before, during and after preparing food. When your hands are visibly dirty. When You Should Wash Your Hands

True or False, Hand washing is a great way to prevent the spread of nosocomial infections? True or False, You should soap your hands for at least 20 seconds when washing? True or false, Before and after handling food I should wash my hands? Quiz Yourself!

“True” or False, Hand washing is a great way to prevent the spread of nosocomial infections? “True” or False, You should soap your hands for at least 20 seconds when washing? “True” or false, Before and after handling food I should wash my hands? Were You Right?

Reference Page http://www.cdc.gov/handhygiene/ http://www.cdc.gov/handhygiene/Basics.html Di Filippo, A., Casini, A., & de Gaudio, A. (2011). Infection prevention in the intensive care unit: Review of the recent literature on the management of invasive devices. Scandinavian Journal Of Infectious Diseases, 43(4), 243-250. doi:10.3109/00365548.2011.552070 Reference Page