ATOMS!!!!!!! What is the structure of the atom? How are elements described in terms of their atoms? Why do we use models to understand atoms?

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Presentation transcript:

ATOMS!!!!!!! What is the structure of the atom? How are elements described in terms of their atoms? Why do we use models to understand atoms?

I. Atoms are the tiny units that determine the property of all materials. They are the building blocks of molecules. Atoms are the smallest part of an element that still has the element’s properties.

What is an atom? – A. Two parts of the atom: nucleus & electron cloud 1. Nucleus – small, dense center of the atom –Positive charge (+) –Contains protons & neutrons –Both have almost the same size –Protons have a (+) charge –Neutrons have a neutral charge. Electron Cloud – area around the nucleus 2. Electron Cloud – area around the nucleus –Contains electrons or e - Negative (-) charge Smaller than protons and neutrons Nucleus Protons Neutrons Electrons - - -

Electrons move around in the electron cloud. – There is a lot of space between the electrons.

Atomic Apartment building Think of it like an apartment building, the basement is the cheapest, the penthouse (top floor) is the most expensive. The electrons pay in energy. The electrons are spread out, a lot of space.(this is a luxury apartment, lots of space) The basement is packed full of stuff, it is dense The apartment building is a sphere and the basement is in the center of it. A weird atomic apartment building!!! Very futuristic!

Atomic Apartment buildings: apartments for rent

B. Atoms have no overall charge. Equal number of protons and electrons Equal number of (+) and (-); they cancel each other out. + - = 0 (A NEUTRON HAS NO CHARGE SO IT DOES NOT ALTER THE CHARGE OF THE ATOM)

Electrons, the smallest particle, it takes almost 2,000 e- to equal the mass of just one proton (no wonder the nucleus is so massive!) Protons and neutrons have about the same mass. Together they make up almost the whole mass of the ATOM.

End of section 1 What are the 3 main parts of the atom? What are the charges of these parts? If the parts of an atom have charges why do atoms have no charge? Draw and label a diagram of an atom.