© Copyright Alvarion Ltd. Hardware Acceleration February 2006

Proprietary and Confidential Information 2 The Problem 1.Verification tools have not kept pace with the incredible rate at which design sizes are growing. 2.Each verification stage has its own methodology, tools, models and user inteface. 3.Embedded Software debug/integration is started late after first silicon/prototype. System-on-a-chip verification, 2001 – P.Rashinkar Design complexity

Proprietary and Confidential Information 3 Simulation Hardware Accelerated Simulation Emulation Formal Verification Semi-formal Verification Prototyping Faster speed, closer to final product Bigger coverage Basic verification toolMethodologies

Proprietary and Confidential Information 4 Hardware-Accelerated Simulation Simulation performance is improved by moving the time- consuming part of the design to hardware. Usually, the software simulation communicates with FPGA- based hardware accelerator. Simulation environment Testbench Module 0 Module 1 Module 2 Hardware Accelerator Module 2 is synthesized & compiled into FPGAs

Proprietary and Confidential Information 5  Pros  Fast (100K cycles/sec)  Cheaper than hardware emulation  Debugging is easier as the circuit structure is unchanged.  Not an Overhead : Deployed as a step stone in the gradual refinement  Cons (Obstacles to overcome)  Set-up time overhead to map RTL design into the hardware can be substantial.  SW-HW communication speed can degrade the performance.  Debugging of signals within the hardware can be difficult. Hardware-Accelerated Simulation

Proprietary and Confidential Information 6Emulation  Imitating the function of another system to achieve the same results as the imitated system.  Usually, the emulation hardware comprises an array of FPGA’s (or special-type processors) and interconnection scheme among them.  About 1000 times faster than simulation. Simulation Hardware Accelerated Simulation Emulation Prototyping

Proprietary and Confidential Information 7Emulation  User logic design is mapped to emulation board with multiple FPGA’s or special processors.  The emulation board has external interconnection hardware that emulates the pins of final chip. & & > + Logic design Emulation hardware with multiple FPGAs Design mapping External pins

Proprietary and Confidential Information 8Emulation  Pros  Fast (500K cycles/sec)  Verification on real target system.  Cons  Setup time overhead to map RTL design into hardware is very high.  Many FPGA’s + resources for debugging  high cost  Circuit partitioning algorithm and interconnection architecture limit the usable gate count.

Proprietary and Confidential Information 9Prototyping  Pros  Higher (than emulation) clock rate (over 1M cycles/sec) due to specific design of prototyping board.  Components as well as the wiring can be customized for the corresponding application.  Can be carried along. (Hardware Emulation? Forget it!)  Cons  Not flexible for design change (Every new prototype requires a new board architecture. / Even a small change requires a new PCB.)  Special (more dedicated and customized) hardware architecture made to fit a specific application.

Proprietary and Confidential Information 10Survey HW emulators/accelerators don't use 52%62% homebrew with FPGAs 20%14% Cadence Palladium 11%14% Verisity Axis 7%5% Mentor IKOS/Celaro/Vsta 5%8% Other5% Does your company use HW emulators/accelerators like Cadence Quickturn Palladium, Mentor IKOS/Meta Systems, Verisity Axis, Tharas, Pittsburgh Simulations, EVE, or Aptix? ( 10/25/05 ) Resource :

Proprietary and Confidential Information 11Products  Simulation acceleration and in-circuit emulation in one system  natively supports Verilog, VHDL, System Verilog, SystemC, SystemC Verification Library, OVL, and PSL/Sugar assertions.  Dynamic probes/events allow interactive debug during run-time  Comprehensive verification with "live" data  Support for assertions in hardware with no performance degradation  High Capacity -  Provides up to 100x-10,000x RTL performance ( run four days of simulations over lunch at 100x).  Compiles up to 30 million gates per hour on a single workstation  Maximum capacity of 256 million gates  Supports up to 32 users in local or remote access  Highest throughput for HW/SW co-verification Cadence - PALLADIUM

Proprietary and Confidential Information 12Products Mentor - VStationTBX  Single verification environment for simulation and verification  High-performance verification accelerator for designs and testbenches  Built on standard languages: SystemC, SystemVerilog, C/C++  Behavioral Verilog testbench and memory compiler  VHDL and Verilog RTL debug  HDL acceleration 10x-100x faster than co-simulation  Accelerates the entire design process with advanced techniques, such as assertions and transactions

Proprietary and Confidential Information 13Products  Support SpeXtreme - direct compilation of e testbenches  Multi-Purpose –  Seamlessly integrates emulation, acceleration, and simulation into a single verification environment  Provides a configurable platform for early system-level integration  Emulates behavioral objects with reconfigurable behavioral processors  High Capacity -  Supports designs of up to 50M ASIC gates  Provides memory of up to 12 GB  Supports up to 4,656 IOs  Allows up to 12 simultaneous users  Easy-to-Use - Preserves native simulation debugging environment by supporting all HDL constructs, PLI calls, and testbenches Verisity - Xtreme Server

Proprietary and Confidential Information 14Products Verisity - SpeXtreme

Proprietary and Confidential Information 15 Other solution  Homebrew with FPGAs –  Partition design to number of FPGAs.  Use FPGA on-chip processors or configurable processors to drive testbench.  Pros  Low cost solution.  fast  Cons  Most embedded processor compilers supports C/C++ languages.  Requires two verification environments.  Need to establish debug connection between WS and FPGAs

Proprietary and Confidential Information 16Conclusions Hardware Acceleration/Emulation Simulation Acceleration Verification Acceleration Project Acceleration

Proprietary and Confidential Information 17 Thank you Alvarion, BreezeCOM, BreezeMAX, BreezeNET, BreezeMANAGE, BreezeACCESS, BreezeLINK, BreezePHONE, WALKair, WALKnet, MGW, eMGW are either registered trademarks, tradenames or service marks of Alvarion Ltd.