CHEM 4531: Physical Chemistry II Spring 2011 J. M. Weber

Technicalities(1) Requirements: –CHEM 4511 or 4411 –PHYS 1120 or 2020 –recommended: firm grasp of algebra, complex numbers, calculus, differential equations Class hours: MWF 09:00 am to 09:50 am Office Hours: M: 5 pm – 6 pm TF: 10:30 am – 11:30 am

Technicalities(2) Locations: –JILA tower A709 –phone – –web site: Exam schedule: –Two-hour exams: February 10, March 10, April pm OR 6-8 pm, locations TBA –Final Exam: date, time, and location TBA

Technicalities(3) Problem sets (homework): –usually handed out (i.e. posted on course web site) on Wednesdays, to be returned the following Wednesdays before class –homework will be graded by graduate student TA (TBN) –credits accumulated over the semester determine your homework performance grade. Everyone may drop one homework assignment without penalty. Travel: Due to conference travel, I will not give lectures on Feb. 2 and Feb 28. Another instructor may give the lectures in my stead. As the 2-hr exams are held outside of class hours, some class hours may be cancelled. At this time it is likely that there will be no lectures on Feb. 1, 28

Technicalities(4) Additional lectures (voluntary): Cover some material in more depth, review some math and physics, do some computer experiments to enhance learning. Some Thursdays 6 pm – 7 pm, will be announced Final grades: –homework performance: 40% –clicker questions (participation) 5% –average of the two-hour-exams: 30% –final exam: 25%

Technicalities(5) Textbooks: Required: Donald A. McQuarrie “ Physical Chemistry” Please note that reading material will be part of homework and relevant for exams. Optional: James R. Barrante “Applied Mathematics for Physical Chemistry” Science Education Research How do people learn quantum mechanics?  Program funded by the National Science Foundation  Graduate student researcher in charge: Marta Maron  Your cooperation will help future generation of students  I will not see individual results from your input, only class average

Clicker Questions and PowerPoint Slides will be shown on the course web site! Homework Assignments This Week Read McQuarrie & Simon, Chapters 1, A, 2, B before Wednesday, January 19 Problem Set 1: Mathematics due before class on Friday, January 14 Problem Set 2 will be posted on Wednesday, January 12 due before class on Wednesday, January 19 Additional Lecture This Week: A Refresher on Complex Numbers

Survey

Developing the Vocabulary of Quantum Mechanics: The Particle in a Box Vibrating Molecules: The QM Harmonic Oscillator The QM Description of the H-Atom Multielectron Atoms Molecular Bonding Spectroscopy From QM to Thermodynamics on a Molecular Level: Statistical Mechanics MASTERY OF THE KNOWN UNIVERSE (Graduate Course) Where Classical Physics Fails … Rotating Molecules: The QM Rigid Rotator

H H

Electromagnetic Spectrum KBCO (97.3 MHz): = 3.08 m KVOD (88.1 MHz): = 3.33 m MW ovens (2.45 GHz): = 12.2 cm Remote controls = 980 nm

Solar Spectrum wavelength in Å Joseph von Fraunhofer, 1814

Radiation from hot objects

Emission Spectra Emission spectrum of Hydrogen

Emission Spectra Emission spectrum of Hydrogen Emission spectrum of Iron

Kirchhoff’s Three Laws of Spectroscopy: Light from a hot solid object has a continuous spectrum with no dark lines The same light, passed through a cool gas has the same spectrum, but with certain wavelengths missing  dark lines (absorption spectrum) Light emitted by a hot gas  bright lines superimposed on an otherwise black background  emission spectrum UV   IR

Blackbody Radiation

Thompson’s Plum Pudding Model electrons are discrete particles embedded in a smeared out positive background charge raisins pudding

Rutherford’s Experiment

[°] Scattering Intensity (arb. units) Thompson model Rutherford’s data

Rutherford’s Experiment

Atomic Spectra

Louis Victor Pierre Raymond, 7e Duke of Broglie ( ) Matter Waves Nobel Prize for Physics, 1922

Carbon Nanotubes CdSe Nanoparticles Electron Microscopy Ebola Reston (Virginia)