Dr Peter Germonpré Lieutenant-Colonel, MD Medical Director

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Presentation transcript:

Dr Peter Germonpré Lieutenant-Colonel, MD Medical Director Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Military Hospital “Queen Astrid” - Brussels Dr Peter Germonpré Lieutenant-Colonel, MD Medical Director

Overview History of the centre Staff and equipment Medical environment Activities : medical Activities : research Activities : expertise

History of HBO in Belgium 1968: Naval hyperbaric chamber in use 1966 - 1968: Ministry of Health decides to make HBO available to all citizens Le début de l'OHB en Belgique se situe en 1968, lorsque le Centre Hyperbare de la Marine Nationale est inaugurée, à l'intérieur de la Base Navale d'Ostende. Dans cette même période, entre 1968 et 1972, le Ministère de la Santé publique décidera que l'OHB est une nécessité pour l'ensemble de la Santé Publique et décide d'acquérir un nombre de chambres hyperbares.

HBO in Belgium : "the early years" Accepted indications : Decompression sickness CO intoxication Gas gangrene Choice of monoplace HBO chambers : Cost Simplicity “Safer than multiplace HBO chambers” Acquisition and distribution of 11 HBO chambers (Dräger 1000) 1968-1970: 5 chambers 1970-1972: 2 chambers 1972-1974: 4 chambers Au total et au cours des années, 11 chambres hyperbares monoplaces (Dräger 1000) seront achetées et installées dans les hôpitaux principaux du pays. Chacune de ces chambres coute environ 1.5 millions de francs. Le choix d'acheter des chambres monoplaces plutot que des multiplaces, fut basé sur des arguments, qui aujourd'hui peuvent se discuter: non seulement ils était considérés comme étant moins chères (par place de traitement, ceci n'est certainement pas vrai), plus simples à installer et employer (vrai, mais comme nous verrons plus tard, pas toujours avantageux), et surtout: plus sécurisantes que les multiplaces, puisque" le personnel soignant ne devrait pas rentrer dans la chambre avec le patient". Les indications d'OHB étaient également limitées: ADD, intoxication au CO, gangrène gazeuse.

HBO therapy in Belgium : Military Hospital Brussels 1991 Multiplace Comex 1500 HBO chamber Full ICU capacity (treatment & monitoring) Annual number of treatments : 253 (1991) 520 (1992) 1100 (1993) 2630 (1998) On average : 250 “ICU” HBO sessions / yr Integrated in Critical Care Department (ICU, EMS, BU) En 91, l'Hôpital Militaire Reine Astrid installe une chambre multiplace hospitalière, la première en Belgique. Bien qu'il s'agisse d'une chambre "de récupération" des troupes de génie de l'armée belge (appui aux opérations de plongée), elle est aménagée pour acceuillir tout type de patient, même en soins intensifs. En 1998, plus de 380 séances avec pleine monitoring et soins invasifs sont effectuées. Elle démontre rapidement le manque de places d'OHB en Belgique, puisque le nombre de patients traités et de séances effectuées se voit croitre de façon exponentielle: en 1998; 2630 séances sont faites - avec au maximum 4 patients par compression. Cette petite chambre, difficilement adaptée au milieu hospitalier, bénéficie d'une intégration prèsque optimale dans le service des urgence et des soins intensifs.

Hyperbaric Centre Brussels First multiplace hospital-based HBO chamber in Belgium 1 Med, 4 CHT “Adapted” multiplace chamber

Statistiques

2000 : New hyperbaric chamber Necessity of new HBO chamber & renovation of HBO centre expressed from 1996 Larger treatment capacity Safer treatment of ICU cases Saving on personnel costs New location and offices needed New hyperbaric chamber acquired in 2000 (arrival: October, 1st treatment :24 Dec 2000)

September 2000

Equipment and staff New offices and consultation rooms New hyperbaric chamber 16 seat multiplace Custom design & functionality 4 (max) ICU stations Computer controlled Fully redundant (gases, electricity, steering)

Dimensions : 2.8m diameter, 8m length

Ambulatory treatments : 16 seats

Intensive Care treatments : up to 4 stations

Diving accident treatment Chamber pressure rating : 4.5 ATA (3.5 Bar) Mixed gases available : Nitrox 50/50 Heliox 50/50 Treatment tables used : USN 6 (Goodman II) Comex30 Heliox USN 5 (Goodman I) HBO sessions (2.5 ATA, 70 min)

Staff 6 full-time hyperbaric chamber operators (CHT) 1 full-time secretary 4 (PT) hyperbaric & diving medicine specialists 15-25 nurses and paramedical personnel for patient surveillance (attached to the centre – normal place of work = hospital wards) Regular trainees (nurses, physiotherapists)

Medical environment Emergency department : EMS team with emergency medical specialist and nurses heli-pad, availability of heli Medevac within 30-45 minutes 24 Hour call-center (HBO, joint with Military Ops and Burn Unit) – toll-free number within Belgium

Medical environment Critical Care Department : Burn Unit : Intensive Care capacity 1-4 beds for non-burn patients Intensive Care nurses trained for hyperbaric treatments Trauma surgeon / Intensive Care specialist on site Respiratory physiotherapists on site Regular hospital wards 30 beds, expandable

Medical activities Integration in regional EMS Only referral point for emergency and non-emergency HBO in central Belgium (60 km area) Coordination of diving emergencies in Belgium (via DAN Europe)

Clinical activity

Civilian patients : agreement Min Civilian patients : agreement Min.Health 1999 for “all-in” price for ICU treatments International aid : transfer from Ops Theatres (Kabul, Lebanon, Congo) Military patients : minority

Emergency Medicine Carbon Monoxyde Decompression sickness – CAGE Gas Gangrene – Crush Acoustic Trauma – Blast 24/24, 7/7 availability

Diving Accident Management 2010 : 33 diving accidents treated 54 diving counselling consultations

Research activities Diving medicine Hyperbaric Medicine Role of PFO in decompression sickness Epidemiology of DCS in Belgium Mechanism of bubble formation in diving Hyperbaric Medicine Treatment of thermal burns with HBO Idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss Erythropoietin stimulation by normobaric oxygen Hyperbaric Safety and education Fire behaviour and fire fighting in hyperbaric environments

Research activities Characteristics: Spin-offs Clinical, practical scope Multidisciplinary, multicentric Diver-oriented Spin-offs Expertise Education

Expertise Selection tests of Belgian military divers Medical Direction DAN Europe Benelux Teaching and CME for MDs and nurses in HBO (ACHOBEL : Belgian Advisory Committee for Hyperbaric Medicine) European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST Action B-14: Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy) Quality assurance – development of European guidelines for HBO centres (COST – Code of Good Practice for HBO Centres; CEN – European Norm) European Committee for Hyperbaric Medicine : expert panel on Research and Intensive Care HBO treatments

Hyperbaric Medicine Treatment by inhalation / respiration of pressurised gas Requires pressurisation in “hyperbaric chamber” Breathing gas : Pure oxygen (“hyperbaric oxygen therapy”) Mix Helium-Oxygen (Heliox) Mix Nitrogen-Oxygen (Nitrox) Pressures : 2.5 to 3 Atmospheres absolute (ATA)

Hyperbaric Medicine Oxygenation = cellular survival

Hyperbaric Medicine Anaerobic infections

Hyperbaric Medicine Stimulation of wound healing

Hyperbaric Medicine Compression of gas bubbles (in blood vessels or tissues) Don’t eat the yellow thing at the back, it will make you fart !