Offender Health Exploring Alcohol Service Demand and Provision Linked to the London Criminal Justice System September 2010

Overview Features of London Criminal Justice System Population Numbers along Pathway Case for Change Literature Review Needs Service Provision Rehabilitation Revolution Resource links Offender Health

Features of London Criminal Justice System Population YOUNG : Majority of Arrests, Probation Commencements & Prison Receptions < 40 years MALE : 85% Arrests, 88% Probation, 92% Prison OF FAITH : 48% Christianity, 26% none, 17% Islam (Prisons) DIVERSE : 50-55% White through Police, Prisons & Probation SHORT PERIOD OF CONTACT : – Matter completes at police station following 51% of Arrests – 65% of sentenced prison receptions <12 months – 30% London sentenced prison releases <28 days served Offender Health

NUMBERS : LOCATION : LONDON COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY POLICE 300,000 Arrests of which 56,000 Detained 73,000 on Bail COURT 129,000 PRISON 30,000 PROBATION 35,000 APPROVED PREMISES 855 COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY 153,000 released of which 52,000 sanctioned 101,000 NFA Source: Profile Report on Police Detainees and Offenders in London NOMS London / NHS London

Case for Change IBA & The Criminal Justice System Offenders have high risk drinking patterns IBA is quick and effective IBA leads to 1 in 8 people reducing their drinking IBA is a cheap intervention IBA will improve health and offending outcomes Offender Health

Literature Review IBA & The Criminal Justice System Scope included Police, Prisons, Probation Good policy basis developed in Prisons and Probation However, funding / access constraints particularly in Prisons Few examples of London Police based projects, and some debate about who might provide in Police settings Offender Health

Alcohol Need Police –One London survey of 646 arrestees found 307 referred to FME (Police Doctor) and of these 202 recorded alcohol issue, suggesting at least 31% prevalence (McKinnon 2010) > implies 93,000 arrests with alcohol issue Probation –33.9% of Probation OASys assessments indicate criminogenic need related to alcohol ( ). Range: 52.5% (Kingston) to 25.5% (Haringey) > implies 14,900 probation commencements with alcohol issue ( ) –More recent Probation caseload data indicates increased need at 36% Offender Health

Alcohol Service Provision Survey of 52 London Alcohol Provider Services –15% Tier 1 –56% Tier 2 –75% Tier 3 –67% Tier 4 88% providing services to people who are or have been in the criminal justice system 96% willing to provide to this group 50% receiving referrals from Probation 6% receiving referrals from Police or Prisons Offender Health London : 1,994 Alcohol Treatment Requirements 2,726 Drug Rehabilitation Requirements

Rehabilitation Revolution Ministry of Justice Business Plan Structural Reform Priorities 1. Introduce a rehabilitation revolution Create a system introducing greater involvement of the private and voluntary sectors in the rehabilitation of offenders, including use of payment by results, to cut reoffending 2. Reform sentencing and penalties Ensure that the justice system reduces reoffending by introducing more effective sentencing policies and considering the use of restorative justice for adult and youth crimes Detail: Run as many rehabilitation pilots as possible, with sufficient scale to provide statistically significant results, including through funding by socially aware investors (social impact bond), and paying local, private sector and voluntary sector providers by results. Pilots will be targeted at offenders on community sentences and those released from prison, and young offenders Green Paper on Rehabilitation and Sentencing Reform is imminent Reduced Re-Offending is driving outcome Offender Health

RESOURCE LINKS Profile Report on Police Detainees and Offenders in London London Criminal Justice Liaison & Diversion reports: London Alcohol IBA Lit. Review, Case for Change & Service Survey: Prison Population Statistics: Offender Management Caseload Statistics

Dezlee Dennis Drug and Alcohol Strategy Development Manager London Probation Trust Offender Health

Questions How are we going to deliver the ‘Rehabilitation Revolution’ ? How can we improve recognition of needs in the Criminal Justice System in Alcohol Needs Assessments? What support do services need to work with people in the Criminal Justice System? Offender Health