Turtle Pet Trade in Jakarta By Aeschylus

Indonesian turtles are very appreciated in the International pet trade, In addition to this Indonesia is importing a wide variation of exotic turtles to supply their own growing turtle pet market, mainly in Jakarta. In the last decades the interest in keeping turtles as pets has grown rapidly. As a result of this a large international market has developed for these animals.

Exported Indonesian turtles for the international pet trade go mainly to United States, Europe and Japan and in less numbers to big capitals of South East Asian countries such as Kuala Lumpur, Bangkok and Singapore. Together with Jakarta this creates an international trade net in where is possible find any species, rare or common, protected or not.

Turtles can be divided in three groups: Turtles can be divided in three groups: - Indonesian species for Export - Indonesian species for Local Markets - Exotic species Imported into Indonesia

Family-SpeciesDistributionIUCN StatusLegal Status Carettochelydae Carettochelys insculptaIrian JayaVulnerableProtected Chelidae Chelodina mccordi Chelodina novaeguineae Chelodina parkeri Chelodina reinmanni Chelodina siebenrocki Elseya branderhorstii Elseya novaeguineae Elseya schultzei Emydura subglobosa Rote island South Irian Jaya South Irian Jaya South Irian Jaya South Irian Jaya South Irian Jaya North Irian Jaya South Irian Jaya South Irian Jaya Crit. endangered Vulnerable Low Risk Low Risk Vulnerable Not Protected Protected Not Protected Not Protected Not Protected Not protected Protected Not Protected Not Protected Trinoychidae Amyda cartilaginea Chitra chitra javanicus Dogania subplana Pelochelys bibroni Pelochelys cantorii Pelodiscus sinensis* Sumatra, Java, Kalim, (Sulaw ?) Sumatra, Java Sumatra, Java, Kalim. South Irian Jaya Sum, Java, Kalim, Irian, Sul? Sumatra (INTRODUCED) Vulnerable Crit. Endangered Vulnerable Endangered Vulnerable Not Protected Protected Not Protected Not Protected Not Protected Not Protected Geoemydidae Batagur baska Callagur borneoensis Orlitia borneensis Cuora amboinensis ( 3 subspp.) Cyclemys dentata Cyclemys oldhami Heosemys spinosa Leucocephalon yuwonoi Malayemys subtrijuga Notochelys platynota Siebenrockiella crassicollis Sumatra Sumatra, Kalimantan Sumatra, Kalimantan Sum, Kalim, Java, Sul, NT,Maluk Sum, Java, Kalim Sum, Java, Kalim Sum, Kalim Sulawesi Sum, Java Sum, Java, Kalim Sum, Java, Kalim Crit. Endangered Crit. Endangered Endangered Vulnerable Low Risk Low Risk Endangered Crit. Endangered Vulnerable Vulnerable Vulnerable Protected Not Protected Protected Not Protected Not Protected Not Protected Not Protected Not Protected Not Protected Not Protected Not Protected Testudinidae Indotestudo forsteni Manouria emys Sulawesi Sum, KalimEndangeredNot Protected Emydidae Trachemys scripta elegans* Trachemys terrapen* Sum, Java, Kali, Sul, Irian (INTRODUCED) Sul, Irian, Java (INTRODUCED) Not Protected List of Indonesian Freshwater Turtles

Five endemic species in Indonesia and one subspecies. Only one is protected !!! Chelodina mccordi Chelodina mccordi Critically endangered and close to the extinction. NOT PROTECTED Critically endangered and close to the extinction. NOT PROTECTED Leucocephalon yuwonoi Leucocephalon yuwonoi Critically endangered. NOT PROTECTED Critically endangered. NOT PROTECTED Indotestudo forstenii Indotestudo forstenii Endangered. NOT PROTECTED Endangered. NOT PROTECTED Chelodina reinmanni Chelodina reinmanni Endangered. NOT PROTECTED Endangered. NOT PROTECTED Elseya branderhosti Elseya branderhosti Vulnerable. NOT PROTECTED Vulnerable. NOT PROTECTED Chitra chitra javanicus Chitra chitra javanicus Critically endangered. PROTECTED Critically endangered. PROTECTED Four other critically endangered and endangered Indonesian Turtle species are not protected as well

Local hunters harvest the turtles from the wild Local collectors Middle Man Selection Consumption Markets Pet Trade Turtle Pet Traders in Jakarta International Pet Markets Jakarta Pet Markets Turtle distribution process inside Indonesia

Indonesian species for Export Indonesian species for Export The number of Indonesian turtles exported from Jakarta is much higher than the number which quotas allow. This suggests that the export quotas are not controlled. Thousands of illegal turtles are being exported from Jakarta each year

No Control at the Airport Turtles exported from Jakarta Airport are not checked at Quarantine and are not identified due to the lack of knowledge. Because of this no one knows which species and in what numbers are being exported.

All the turtle export quotas in Indonesia are reserved for Pets, so by definition ….. ALL TURTLES EXPORTED FROM INDONESIA TO SUPPLY THE COMSUMTION MARKETS IN CHINA IS ILLEGAL !!!!

Turtle movements into and outside Indonesia Exotic turtles from all over the world Japan Bangkok SingaporeJakarta Indonesian species Indonesian pet markets Bali North AmericaEurope Indonesian species Exotic species

Indonesian species for Local Markets Most of the Indonesian turtles species in the local markets are illegal. This includes even non protected species due to exceeding the harvesting quotas.

It is possible to see protected species of turtles for sale in the different markets on any given day. In the month of August, 2004 alone: 99 Indonesian Protected turtles have been reported in Jakarta markets

Exotic species Imported into Indonesia Any exotic turtle species can be found in Jakarta markets, all without any import permits.

Exotic species, once they enter in Indonesia, don’t have any kind of protection. Even the most rare species of turtles in the world, including CITES I species. Exotic species, once they enter in Indonesia, don’t have any kind of protection. Even the most rare species of turtles in the world, including CITES I species.

Exotic species imported into Indonesia are sent from Japan, Bangkok and Singapore.

Indonesian Species First survey 4-6 Aug 04 Second survey Aug 04 Thirh Survey Aug 04 Total Per species Price Per Species Price in total Batagur baska ,500,0003,000,000 Callagur borneoensis ,0003,500,000 Orlitia borneensis ,200,000 Chelodina parkeri ,000 Chelodina siebenrocki ,000,000 Carettochelys insculpta ,850,000 Cyclemys dentata ,350,000 Heosemys spinosa ,375,000 Leucocephalon yuwonoi ,250,000 Malayemys subtrijuga ,100,000 Notochelys platynota ,130,000 Siebenrockiella crassicollis ,350,000 Cuora amboinensis ,360,000 Elseya novaeguineae ,750,000 Elseya schultz ,000,000 Emydura subglobosa ,000 Indotestudo forsteni ,000,000 Manouria emys ,400,000 Amyda cartilaginea ,000750,000 Chitra chitra javanicus ,000 Dogania subplana ,00060,000 Pelochelys cantorii 0202 no data List of the turtles found in Jakarta Markets during August 2004 Total 22 different species

Trachemys scripta elegans EXOTIC (US) ,600,000 Geochelone radiata EXOTIC (Madagascar) '5-16 millions105,000,000 Geochelone carbonaria EXOTIC (Noth South America) ,000,00044,000,000 Goechelone denticulata EXOTIC (Noth South America) ,000,0008,000,000 Geochelone pardalis EXOTIC (South Africa) ,750,0007,000,000 Geochelone sulcata EXOTIC (North Africa) ,000,0004,000,000 Gochelone elegans EXOTIC (India) ,600,000 Pyxis arachnoides EXOTIC (Madagascar) ,500,00017,500,000 Kinixys beliana EXOTIC (South Africa) ,500,00010,000,000 Maurenys japonica EXOTIC (Japan) ,000700,000 Podocnemys unifilis EXOTIC (South America) ,500,000 Phrynops goefranus EXOTIC (South America) ,800,000 Chelus fimbriatus EXOTIC (South America) ,500,00042,500,000 Kachuga tecta EXOTIC (India) ,00024,000,000 Graptemys sp. EXOTIC (North America) ,00033,950,000 Chelydra serpentina EXOTIC (North America) ,000,000 Macrochelys tenmincki EXOTIC (North America) ,000,000 Testudo graeca EXOTIC (Europe) ,500,0007,500,000 Testudo hermanni EXOTIC (Europe) ,500,0004,500,000 Pelusios sp. EXOTIC (Africa) ,000700,000 Geoclemys hamiltoni EXOTIC (India) ,600,0004,800,000 Heosemys grandis EXOTIC (South East Asia) ,0002,250,000 Total 22 different species Exotic Species First survey 4-6 Aug 04 Second survey Aug 04 Thirh Survey Aug 04 Total Per species Price Per Species Price in total TOTAL 44 species, 22 locals, 22 exotic ,175,000