Stem Cells and Cancer Cancer Education Project University of Rochester.

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Presentation transcript:

Stem Cells and Cancer Cancer Education Project University of Rochester

Stem Cells: The Good and The Bad

Stem Cells: What are they? Can you divide and renew yourself ? Yeah … Stem Cell Recruitment Center

Stem Cells: What are they? See, I’m still here! Stem Cell Recruitment Center

Stem Cells: What are they? You seem rather unspecialized. Can you give rise to specialized cells? Yes, I’m unspecialized but my brother can become specialized. Watch him. Stem Cell Recruitment Center

Stem Cells: What are they? My brother can become a skin cell. He specialized to form tight attachments to his neighbors… Stem Cell Recruitment Center

Stem Cells: What are they? You’re hired. You can start as one of our stem cells tomorrow So do I get the job? Stem Cell Recruitment Center

Stem Cells: Not like other cells… Stem Cell Progenitor Cell Red Blood CellPlateletWhite Blood Cell Self Renewal Undifferentiated Cell division and differentiation

Adult stem cells: Many different types… Neural Stem Cell Blood Stem Cell Adult stem cells contribute to homeostasis They divide only when needed Their progeny differentiate into cells that perform essential body functions.

Cancer Stem Cells Uncontrolled, rapid cell division gives rise to improperly differentiated tumor cells Cancer Stem Cell DNA mutations Cancer Stem Cell Cancer Progenitor Cell

Identifying Cancer Stem Cells Scientists can break up the cells of a tumor, then transplant each tumor cell into a new location…. Most of the tumor cells end up dying… But a rare few go on to grow a new tumor… Cancer Stem Cells Tumor

Where might cancer stem cells come from? DNA mutations in normal stem cells may give rise to cancer stem cells

Chemotherapy: Targets Rapidly Dividing Cells Conventional chemotherapy targets rapidly dividing cells. Stem cells do not divide rapidly, so are not targeted by chemotherapy. X X X

Chemotherapy: Targets Rapidly Dividing Cells The stem cell survives conventional chemotherapy and divides to form a new tumor Cancer Stem Cell

What’s coming in cancer therapy? New targeted drugs that specifically kill cancer stem cells without harming normal stem cells should remove the “root” of the cancer. The rest of the cancer cells should die on their own, or conventional chemotherapy drugs can be used to kill these cells

Scientists are searching for answers to these questions about cancer stem cells… What makes these cells different? What kinds of drugs can target these cells? What cellular pathways are affected by drugs that target these cells? Are there other possible drugs that target those pathways?

Cancer Stem Cell Cartoon 3, 4 and 5, or 6 and 7, or 8 and 9 Work with your team to draw a stem cell cartoon strip that illustrates the answers to questions: