Progress report Svetlana Kroitor August, 2011 Pushkin Laboratory for comparative social research HAPPINESS AND LIFE SATISFACTION AS INDICATORS OF SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING: COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE Progress report Svetlana Kroitor August, 2011 Pushkin

The main results of the 1st research phase   Happiness, Rank / Mean – weighted Satisfaction, Correlation happiness-satisfaction Size of variation in happiness-satisfaction correlation during 1981–2007 New West 1 / 3,35 2 / 7,67 0,520 0,02 Protestant West 2 / 3,27 1 / 7,93 0,508 0,06 Returned West 9 / 2,83 7 / 6,17 0,494 0,08 Catholic West 7 / 2,99 4 / 6,80 0,493 Orthodox East 10 / 2,64 9 / 5,16 0,470 0,14 Cinic East 6 / 3,05 5 / 6,61 0,428 0,21 Islamic East 8 / 2,96 8 / 5,95 0,427 0,18 Sub-Saharan Africa 4 / 3,14 0,392 0,26 Indic East 5 / 3,09 6 / 6,43 0,383 0,07 Latin America 3 / 3,18 3 / 7,55 0,362 0,09

HYPOTHESIS: CORRELATION BETWEEN HAPPINESS AND LIFE SATISFACTION INCREASES WITH OBJECTIVE IMPOVEMENT OF PEOPLE’S LIFE QUALITY IN ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SPHERE

MAIN TASK: TO STUDY HOW COUNTRY-LEVEL CHARACTERISTICS INCLUDING THE LEVEL OF ECONOMIC, POLITICAL AND SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS’ DEVELOPMENT AFFECT HAPPINESS-SATISFACTION AT THE INDIVIDUAL LEVEL

DATA SOURCES WVS datasets (1981–2007); statistics of UNDP, World Bank, Freedom House

VARIABLES Independent variables Dependent variable HDI ECONOMIC WELFARE GDP per capita Gini Index Income share held by highest/lowest 10% of country’s population POLITICAL SITUATION Good Governance Index Index of Freedom SOCIAL SITUATION HDI Dependent variable SUBLECTIVE WELL-BEING Happiness- satisfaction correlation

The scatter plot illustrating the relative position of every country according to its happiness-satisfaction correlation and GDP per capita

The scatter diagram illustrating the relative position of every country according to its happiness-satisfaction correlation and Gini Index

The scatter diagram illustrating the relative position of every country according to its happiness-satisfaction correlation and Good Governance Index

The scatter diagram illustrating the relative position of every country according to its happiness-satisfaction correlation and Human Development Index

Next step: CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF STATES BY ECONOMIC, POLITICAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS AND HAPPINESS-SATISFACTION CORRELATION WITH THE PRELIMINARY FACTOR ANALYSIS

Factor analysis: Component Matrix* 1 GDP per capita_1985-2005_mean ,845 Gini_1985-2005_mean -,597 HDI_1985-2005_mean ,874 Good Governance Index_mean_1996-2005 ,858 Happiness-satisfaction correlation ,727 * Extraction Metod: Principal Component Analysis.

(Factor scores for all observations saved as a variable) CLUSTER ANALYSIS Independent variable FAC_1 (Factor scores for all observations saved as a variable) Dependent variable Correlation coefficients between the variables “happiness” and “life satisfaction”

Cluster profiles Number and label of cluster Happiness-satisfaction correlation GDP per capita_1985-2005_mean Gini_1985-2005_mean HDI_1985-2005_mean Good Governance Index_mean_1996-2005 happiness_ mean satisfaction_mean CLUSTER 2: HIGHLY DEVELOPED Mean ,533 25242,4 31,5 ,85 94,1 3,27 7,53 Std. Deviation ,033 5822,6 5,0 ,02 5,5 ,12 ,44 CLUSTER 3: DEVELOPED ,474 8487,1 31,9 ,77 73,4 2,84 6,16 ,056 6541,0 6,2 ,04 11,3 ,22 ,84 CLUSTER 1: TRANSITION ,378 1778,9 41,7 ,58 39,9 3,02 6,28 ,107 1464,5 8,2 18,2 ,26 1,01 CLUSTER 4: UNDER DEVELOPED ,140 383,7 45,7 ,31 23,6 2,98 4,71 ,219 170,4 6,4 ,06 15,1 ,37 1,03

CLUSTER 2: HIGHLY DEVELOPED Happiness-satisfaction correlation GDP per capita_1985-2005_mean Gini_1985-2005_mean HDI_1985-2005_mean Good Governance Index_mean_ 1996-2005 FRANCE ,603 22588,7 32,7 ,82 88,3 GR. BRITAIN ,577 21367,3 36,0 92,3 NETHERLANDS ,559 23465,1 30,9 ,86 98,2 SWEDEN ,557 27564,8 25,0 97,7 GERMANY ,552 23835,9 28,3 ,83 94,1 JAPAN ,522 30247,4 24,9 ,85 79,6 AUSTRALIA ,515 19888,2 35,2 ,89 94,6 FINLAND ,513 24012,5 26,9 99,1 UNITED STATES 28672,2 40,8 ,88 90,5 CANADA ,506 21500,5 32,6 96,2 NEW ZEALAND ,505 15118,2 36,2 98,7 NORWAY ,503 33834,8 25,8 97,6 SWITZERLAND 36055,3 33,7 96,1 MEAN for the cluster ,533 25242,4 31,5

Happiness-satisfaction correlation CLUSTER 3: DEVELOPED Happiness-satisfaction correlation GDP per capita_1985-2005_mean Gini_1985-2005_mean HDI_1985-2005_mean Good Gov. Index_mean_ 1996-2005 ITALY ,469 19757,5 36,0 ,81 79,9 SPAIN ,379 14374,8 34,7 87,7 HONG KONG ,387 19493,5 43,4 ,80 61,5 SINGAPORE ,389 18030,6 42,5 ,83 49,7 ISRAEL ,582 14558,3 39,2 66,3 BULGARIA ,510 1987,0 28,5 ,70 63,7 CROATIA ,490 5357,5 28,1 ,73 64,5 CZECH REP. ,481 5975,3 24,8 78,3 ESTONIA ,496 4303,8 ,77 82,9 HUNGARY ,505 4676,5 26,4 ,76 LATVIA ,483 3138,4 31,1 ,71 72,5 LITHUANIA ,541 3491,6 31,4 ,74 76,7 POLAND ,438 3595,7 30,8 ,75 81,4 ROMANIA ,509 1904,6 28,8 59,6 SLOVAKIA ,442 4562,2 21,6 76,9 SLOVENIA ,480 10585,7 28,3 ,79 84,8 MEAN 0,474 8487,1 31,9 0,77 73,4

CLUSTER 4: UNDER DEVELOPED Happiness-satisfaction correlation GDP per capita_1985-2005_mean Gini_1985-2005_mean HDI_1985-2005_mean Good Gov. Index_mean_ 1996-2005 RWANDA ,279 271,0 37,8 ,28 11,6 TANZANIA ,074 254,2 43,2 ,35 37,1 ZAMBIA -,140 385,8 50,1 ,37 36,3 ZIMBABWE ,346 623,8 51,5 ,23 9,5 MEAN for the cluster 0,140 383,7 45,7 0,31 23,6

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA CLUSTER 1: TRANSITION ARMENIA AZERBAIJAN BELARUS GEORGIA KYRGYZSTAN MOLDOVA RUSSIAN FEDERATION UKRAINE COLOMBIA BRAZIL CHILE EL SALVADOR GUATEMALA MEXICO PERU URUGUAY VENEZUELA ALGERIA BURKINA FASO BANGLADESH EGYPT GHANA DOMINICAN REPUBLIC MOROCCO NIGERIA SOUTH AFRICA TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO UGANDA ALBANIA BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA MACEDONIA CHINA VIET NAM THAILAND MALAYSIA INDIA INDONESIA PHILIPPINES IRAN JORDAN MALI PAKISTAN TURKEY ARGENTINA

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!