Contagion 2010

The global health challenge Y11 to Y12 Geography Induction

The global health challenge Lesson aim: To provide an introduction to the links between geography and one infectious disease Lesson objectives: To know the key terms in the study of the geography of health To be able to describe and explain the global distribution of an infectious disease (malaria).

How are geography and global health linked? Watch the video clip of Prof Lipkin from the 21 st Century Challenges website (1min 15 sec – 2 min 42 sec)video clip Key terms activity – Working as a small group can you define all the key terms?

Key term definitions HealthThe overall condition of an individual at a given time in regard to soundness of body or mind and freedom from disease or abnormality. MorbidityThe state of being ill or diseased, or the occurrence of a disease or condition that damages health and quality of life. It can also be used to mean the relative incidence of a particular disease in a society. MortalityDeath. The term is often accompanied by the cause of death (a specific disease or condition or injury). Infant mortalityThe number of deaths of children under the age of 1 year expressed per 1000 live births per year. It is useful as a barometer of social and environmental conditions and is sensitive to changes in either. Case-mortality rateThe number of people dying from a disease divided by the number of those diagnosed as having the disease. Crude death rateThe number of deaths per 1000 people in 1 year. PrevalenceThe number of cases of a disease per of the population. IncidenceThe number of cases of a disease that are confirmed annually. InfectiousA disease liable to be transmitted to people, organisms through the environment. Non-communicativeA disease which is non-infectious. EndemicA disease that is prevalent to a peculiar or particular locality or region. PandemicA disease that is prevalent over a whole country or the world.

What is malaria? Using the 21 st Century Challenges 60 seconds overview you have 5 minutes to synthesise the information. overview You could highlight key information in different colours, create a mind map or make notes.

What is the geography behind the facts? Using the key facts slide identify the geography within these facts. For example 22% of childhood deaths in Africa are caused by malaria. Link to population issues such as high infant mortality rate, future impact on society in terms of a reduction in working age population, future population decline, social costs on society, poor education, health care costs (burden on society, access to medicine).

Malaria – key facts

Where is malaria found? Using the maps provided describe the global distribution of malaria using a maximum of 4 bullet points to describe each map.

A map to show the clinical burden of malaria in 2007 (Source: Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford resources/clinical-burden/Pf_burden/world/)

A map to show the number of malaria cases in 2006 (Source: Worldmapper)

A map to show the number of deaths caused by malaria in 2003 (Source: Worldmapper)

Practice examination question Describe the pattern shown in Figure 1a. Figure 1a The distribution of malaria cases by country in 2005

Practice examination question Figure 1b The percentage of population at risk of malaria Figure 1c The percentage of global deaths from malaria Study Figures 1b and 1c. Explain why the percentage of population at risk of and the percentage dying from infectious diseases, such as malaria, varies (5 marks)