IC Voltage Regulator

Introduction IC voltage regulators are versatile and relatively inexpensive and are available with fea­tures such as a programmable output, current-voltage boosting, internal short-circuit cur­rent limiting, thermal shutdown, and floating operation for high voltage applications

Voltage Regulator Voltage regulators comprise a class of widely employed ICs. Regulator IC units contain the circuitry for reference source, comparator amplifier, control device, and overload pro­tection all in a single IC. 

IC Voltage Regulator Block Diagram

Voltage Regulators Except for the, switching regulators, all other types of regulators are linear regulators. The impedance of the active element of the linear regulator provide a desired current to the load, on the other hand, in a switching regulator. A switch is turned on and off at a rate such that the regulator provides the desired average current in periodic pulses to the load. 

Voltage Regulator internal Animation

Fixed voltage Regulator

IC Voltage Regulator types Fixed output voltage regulators: positive and/or negative output voltage. Adjustable output voltage regulators: positive or negative output voltage. Switching regulators. Special regulators.

Switching Regulators The switching regulators are more efficient than the linear regulators. This is because there is negligible power dissipation in switching ele­ments in either the on or off state.

Switching Regulator circuit

Fixed output voltage Regulator The fixed voltage regulator has an unregulated dc input voltage Vin, applied to one input terminal, a regulated output dc voltage, Vout from a   second terminal, with the third terminal connected to ground.

Fixed output voltage Regulator

Adjustable output voltage Regulator The adjustable voltage regulator implies that the input voltage must be at least 2 V greater than output voltage i.e. input voltage must be at least 7 V, because its output voltage is 5 V. New devices can supply load current from 100 mA to more than 5 A. 

Adjustable output voltage Regulator

Special Regulators The special regulators are employed as control circuits in pulse width modulation, push-pull bridges, and series type switch mode supplies. Almost all power supplies make use of some type of voltage regulator IC

Special Regulator

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