The American Civil War SS8H6: The student will analyze the impact of the Civil War and Reconstruction on Georgia. b. State the importance of key events of the Civil War; include Antietam, Emancipation Proclamation, Gettysburg, Chickamauga, the Union blockade of Georgia’s coast, Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign and March to the Sea, and Andersonville.

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Issues Leading to the Civil War Economic DifferencesNorth= Industrial South= Agriculture/Farming States’ RightsNorth= Believed the federal government/Constitution are supreme throughout the nation. South= Believed in States’ Rights and believed that the federal government did not have the right to tell them what to do. SectionalismNorth= Wanted tariffs on imported goods South= Did not want tariffs on imported goods, due to trade relationship with Great Britain SlaveryNorth= Banned slavery South= Relied on slavery for the production of cash crops Election of 1860 & Secession North= Voted in Abraham Lincoln as the 16 th U.S. President South= 11 states seceded from the Union as a result of Lincoln’s win

Civil War Map Instructions Use the map on page 243 to label each state (DO NOT WRITE THE NUMBERS/JUST STATE). Next, color the 11 Confederate States of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee red. You may color the remaining states any color of your choice (USA = Union).

Civil War Map

Civil War Map Instructions North (Union)South (Confederate States of America) Had an advantage in the areas of economics and human resources: A.85% of the nation’s factories and railroad lines B.Produced almost all of the firearms, cloth, iron, ships & boats, and shoes in the USA C.Banks D.22+ million people E.Union army had 16,000+ trained soldiers Were at a disadvantage because: A.15% of factories and railroads were in the South B.9 million people million slaves C.The southern states did not have an army D.Relied on Northern banks for money and invested most their money in slavery Had an advantage in: A.Production of food (corn, rice, wheat, & livestock) and cotton B.Strong/smart military leaders, who resigned from the U.S. Army to lead the south.

Writing Prompt Topic What were at least four reasons why the southern states seceded from the Union? In one paragraph, please indicate what the four issues/reasons were and explain why each of them led to secession from You may refer back to your notes, worksheets, and homework for facts to include in your paragraph.

Military Strategies North (Union)South (Confederate States of America) Anaconda Plan: Anaconda Plan: Created a blockade of U.S. ships around the southern coastline and major rivers to prevent the southern states from exporting cotton and receiving supplies Sent troops to the south to fight King Cotton Diplomacy: King Cotton Diplomacy: Ask Great Britain & France to break the Union’s blockade. The south thought Great Britain & France would do it, so they would continue buying cotton and bring them supplies (Weapons, etc.). France and Great Britain decided not to help the Confederate States of America.

Anaconda Plan Map coveryeducati on.com/playe r/view/assetG uid/9D2A030 C-C152-4F0F- B436- 1E73AF1115D 3

War Strategy w/assetGuid/9D2A030C-C152-4F0F-B436- 1E73AF1115D3 w/assetGuid/9D2A030C-C152-4F0F-B436- 1E73AF1115D3 w/assetGuid/9D2A030C-C152-4F0F-B436- 1E73AF1115D3 w/assetGuid/9D2A030C-C152-4F0F-B436- 1E73AF1115D3

Fort Sumter, South Carolina Fort Sumter The Confederate soldiers fired the 1 st shots of the Civil War at Fort Sumter on April 12, North (Union)South (Confederate States of America) Major Robert Anderson lead the Union soldiers President Lincoln sent these troops to South Carolina to secure Fort Sumter from the CSA and to deliver supplies. 33 hours later the Union troops surrendered…UNION defeated! General P.G.T. Beauregard led the Confederate soldiers The CSA troops were able to stop the supplies from reaching Fort Sumter, by firing on the Union troops. CONFEDERATE victory!

Leaders at the Battle of Fort Sumter Major Robert Anderson General Pierre Gustave Toutant de Beauregard

Battle of Antietam: Sharpsburg, Maryland September 17, 1862-This was the bloodiest 1-day battle of the Civil War. This battle lasted 12 hours with 23,000 soldiers either killed, wounded, & missing 4F0F-B436-1E73AF1115D3http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/9D2A030C-C152- 4F0F-B436-1E73AF1115D3. UnionConfederate States of America (CSA) Major George McClellan Union victory Robert E. Lee Leaders

Leaders at the Battle of Antietam General George McClellan General Robert E. Lee

Political Cartoon

Emancipation Proclamation Emancipation Proclamation On September 22, 1862, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. Confederate States of America (CSA) It stated that unless the Confederate States of America (CSA) surrendered by January 1, 1863, “all slaves in states or districts in rebellion against the USA will be thenceforth and forever free.”

TCH?V=Q8N2O9LRT14 Emancipation Proclamation

Battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania Huge turning point of the war, because Robert E. Lee and his troop’s attempt to invade the north (Union) was destroyed. The Confederates retreated back to Virginia. From July 1-3, 1863, 51,000 soldiers were either killed or injured. *It was the last battle of the Civil war and the bloodiest UnionConfederate States of America (CSA) Major George Meade Union victory Robert E. Lee Leaders

Leaders of the Battle of Gettysburg General George MeadeGeneral Robert E. Lee

Battle of Gettysburg ucation.com/player/vie w/assetGuid/9D2A030C -C152-4F0F-B436- 1E73AF1115D3 ucation.com/player/vie w/assetGuid/9D2A030C -C152-4F0F-B436- 1E73AF1115D3

Battle of Chickamauga, Georgia On September 19-20, 1863, the Confederates were able to defeat the Union and pushed them back into Tennessee. *It was the railroad control center. UnionConfederate States of America (CSA) General William Rosecrans General Braxton Bragg Confederate victory Leaders

Leaders of the Battle of Chickamauga, Georgia General William Rosecrans Braxton Bragg

Sherman's March to the Sea, Covington, Georgia (November 19, 1864) ation.com/player/view/as setGuid/9D2A030C-C152- 4F0F-B436- 1E73AF1115D3 ation.com/player/view/as setGuid/9D2A030C-C152- 4F0F-B436- 1E73AF1115D3 *General Sherman wanted to destroy Atlanta because it was the transportation hub of the south. *He attacked the civilian infrastructure between Atlanta and Savannah in order to end support for the war effort and shorten the war.