The Importance of Alcoholic Beverage Type for Suicide in Japan: A Time-Series Analysis, Thor Norström, Andrew Stickley, Kenji Shibuya
Alcohol is a risk factor for suicide Follow-up studies of heavy drinkers Retrospective studies of suicide victims
Why heavy drinking deterioration of social ties heavy drinking depression intoxication lower self-control triggering of suicidal impulses
Aggregate level Increased per capita alcohol consumption more heavy drinking more suicides Numerous studies support the aggregate link
Contingencies Stronger link in northern than in southern Europe Spirits and beer more important than wine: why?
Japan and suicide Japan has one of the highest suicide rates in the world: females: 14/100’; males: 40/100’ (2*Sweden) Individual-level data confirm alcohol as risk factor BUT: no aggregate link in previous studies
This study Recall beverage specific effects Total consumption too crude measure if only spirits matter
Aim To estimate beverage-specific effects on suicide in Japan
Data consumption per capita (15+) of beer, wine, spirits and other alcohol (sales data) suicide rates for the ages for females and males control variable: unemployment study period: 1963 to 2007
Method Time series analysis of differenced data (ARIMA)
Results 1-litre increase in spirits consumption 20% increase in male suicides unemployment increase of 1 %-point 13% increase in male suicides no effects on female suicides
Policy implications increase the low prices on spirits reduce the availability of alcohol from 24/7 discourage the practice of heavy drinking