REMEMBERING 2O10’S SEVERE WINDSTORMS — PART 2 Xynthia Tropical Storms and Hurricanes: Atlantic Basin Tropical Storms and Hurricanes: Pacific Basin Typhoons Cyclones

2O10 ATLANTIC BASIN TROPICAL STORM SEASON 14 NAMED STORMS WITH 5 CAT 4 HURRICANES BY SEPTEMBER 17 19 NAMED STORMS IN ALL

TROPICAL STORM/HURRICANE PATHS: SEPTEMBER 14TH

TROPICAL STORM/HURRICANE PATHS: OCTOBER 30TH

ATLANTIC BASIN TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES: 2010 Alex (H) June 21 Bonnie July 27 Colin Aug 3 Danielle (H) Aug 21 Earl (H) Aug.29 Fiona Aug 30

ATLANTIC BASIN TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES: 2010 Gaston Sept 1 Hermine Sept 6 Igor (H) Sept 8 Julia (H) Sept 12 Karl (H) Sept 14 Lisa (H) Sept 20 Matthew Sept 24

ATLANTIC BASIN TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES: 2010 Nicole Sept 29 Otto (H) Oct 6 Paula (H) OCT 11 Richard (H) Oct 21

ATLANTIC BASIN TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES: 2010 Shary (H) Oct 27 Tomas (H) Oct 29

With one month to go, the 2010 Atlantic season had produced 19 named storms, including 12 hurricanes, making 2010 one of the top five busiest seasons ever..

Four major storms formed in 20 days, the fastest that four Category 4 hurricanes have ever formed, beating the previous record of 24 days set during 1999. .

TROPICAL STORM ALEX: The first named tropical storm and the first to become a hurricane in the 2010 Atlantic Hurricane Season. JUNE 26 - JULY 1, 2010

ALEX STARTED AS A TROPICAL WAVE IN THE CARIBBEAN: JUNE 20

After Alex formed on June 25, a tropical storm warning was issued for the east coast of Quintana Roo on Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula and the east coast of Belize

In the central Caribbean Sea, the system produced heavy rainfall in the Dominican Republic that caused flooding and prompted the evacuation of more than 3,000 people.

TROPICAL STORM ALEX: LANDFALL AT BELIZE; JUNE 26

After making landfall in Belize and the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico, Tropical Storm Alex strengthened again as it entered the very warm waters of the Bay of Campeche.

On the evening of June 28, a hurricane warning was issued for the coast of Texas, south of Baffin Bay to the mouth of the Rio Grande, and by the Mexican Government from the Rio Grande south to La Cruz.

FORECAST: TROPICAL STORM- HURRICANE ALEX

Although waves and winds along Alex’s path slowed work to stop the BP Gulf Oil Spill, in its 71st day of 107 days, the good news is that the storm did not push the oil landward faster or accelerate movement of the oil eastward into the Atlantic.

TROPICAL STORM COLIN August 3, 2010

TROPICAL STORM COLIN: FORMS ON WED, AUGUST 3

25/08/2010 S.MORA

25/08/2010 S.MORA

HURRICANE EARL Starting in 1980, the name, “Earl,” has been used in six Atlantic tropical storm seasons.

Tropical storm Earl formed on Sunday , August 29th.

WIND BANDS EXTEND 200 MI FROM EYE AUGUST 29 – SEPTEMBER 4, 2010 HURRICANE EARL BECOMES A CAT 4 STORM AGAIN AS IT HEADS TOWARDS THE EAST COAST OF USA WIND BANDS EXTEND 200 MI FROM EYE AUGUST 29 – SEPTEMBER 4, 2010

NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER: FLORIDA

AUGUST 29

DANIELLE, EARL AND FRANK: AUG 29

2010 THE YEAR OF “RECORD AND NEAR-RECORD” NATURAL DISASTERS

Rain, floods, landslides, and water-borne diseases are typical after a tropical storm, hurricane, typhoon, or cyclone.

IMPACTED NATIONS Western Europe (France, Portugal, Spain), Caribbean (Haiti, Dominican Republic, Bermuda, Jamaica, Antigua, Montserrat, St. Kitts, Nevis, Anguilla, St. Maarten, St. Martin, Saint Lucia, Atlantic Canada, …

IMPACTED NATIONS (Continued) St Barthelemy, Saba, and St Eustatius, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands), Central America (Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras), Cuba, …

IMPACTED NATIONS (Continued) Mexico, USA (Texas, East Coast), The Philippines, Taiwan, China, …

SOCIETAL IMPACTS DURING 2010 High winds, storm surges, heavy rains, landslides affected millions. Hundreds of thousands of homes without power, damaged, destroyed, or inundated. Hundreds of thousands evacuated. Lives and livelihoods of millions impacted. Gulf oil leak and Clean up slowed

SOCIETAL IMPACTS DURING 2010 (Continued) Infrastructure damaged and destroyed. Oil and gas platforms impacted. $ billions in insured and uninsured economic losses.

AUGUST 30-31

Hurricane Earl grew to a Category 4 storm with 5-10 inches of rain and 135 mph winds on Monday, tearing roofs off buildings and cutting power along a path that included Anguilla, Antigua, Barbuda, St. Martin/St. Maarten, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, on a likely course towards the eastern USA.

HURRICANE EARL PHOTO-GRAPHED FROM ISS: AUG 30

FLOODING: ST JOHNS, ANTIGUA

More than 100,000 people were left without power in Puerto Rico.

Schools and government offices, were closed on Monday and Tuesday.

The U.S. Virgin Islands imposed a curfew from 6 p.m. Monday to 5:30 a.m. Tuesday for the islands of St. Thomas and St. John.

Airline flights were cancelled throughout the area and cruise lines diverted ships to other ports in the Caribbean and Mexico, customary precautionary measures.

AUGUST 31: HURRICANE EARL’S FORECAST

On August 30th , the National Hurricane Center announced the formation of Tropical Storm Fiona.

SEPTEMBER 1

SEPTEMBER 1 On Wednesday morning, September 1, Hurricane Earl diminished to a very large CAT 3 storm with winds of 125 mph and wind bands extending 200 miles radially from the eye..

SEPTEMBER 1 Later during the day, Hurricane Earl strengthened again to a huge CAT 4 storm. .

HURRICANE WATCHES AND WARNINGS The National Hurricane Center has hurricane watches and warnings in effect from Cape Hatteras (North Carolina) to Cape Cod (Massachusetts).

HURRICANE EARL’S FORECAST: SEPT 1

Under the forecast for Earl, the Cape Hatteras, NC, area was at highest risk on Friday morning, September 3rd, and the Massachusetts' Cape Cod and the Maine shoreline on Friday night and Saturday morning. .

5,000 EVACUATE NORTH CAROLINA’S OUTER BANKS: SEPT 1

On September 1st, the National Hurricane Center announced the formation of Tropical Storm Gaston.

EARL AND TROPICAL STORMS FIONA AND GASTON: SEPT 1

Tropical Storm Hermine changed from a tropical depression 10 to a tropical storm and formed in the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Texas on Monday, Sept. 6th.

TROPICAL STORM HERMINE MADE LANDFALL IN NORTHERN MEXICO A RAINMAKER IN MEXICO AND TEXAS SEPTEMBER 4-7, 2010

The trajectory of Tropical Storm Hermine did not give it enough time to become a hurricane before making landfall in Mexico on Tuesday, Sept. 6th.

TROPICAL STORM HERMINE: SEPT 6, 2010

Unlike Hurricane Alex, which swiped Texas then plunged southwest into Mexico, Hermine was more memorable in Texas, dumping from 5 to 12 inches of rain in San Antonio, ripping off roofs in Raymondville, and disrupting power for 35,000 in the Rio Grande Valley. .

TROPICAL STORM HERMINE: SEPT 7, 2010

Mexican emergency officials in Tamaulipas worked to evacuate 3,500 people around Matamoros, across the border from Brownsville, Texas; Schools on both sides of the border canceled classes Tuesday. .

TROPICAL STORM IGOR FORMS IN ATLANTIC SEPTEMBER 8, 2010

TROPICAL STORM IGOR: SEPT 8, 2010

TROPICAL STORM IGOR IN FAR ATLANTIC: SEPT 10

HURRICANE IGOR (LEFT) & TROPICAL STORM JULIA (RIGHT): SEPT 12, 2010

The Atlantic basin had been registering record high temperatures since March, according to U.S. archives.

,” The power of Igor and Julia, two Cat 4 hurricanes still moving through the Atlantic, is an indication of how warm the Atlantic water still was in September.

A RARE PHENOMENON: THREE ACTIVE HURRICANES ON SEPT 17

HURRICANES IGOR AND JULIA AND TS KARL: SEPT 15, 2010

HURRICANE IGOR APPROACHING BERMUDA: SEPT 16, 2010

Karl made landfall on the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico as a strong tropical storm, and then made landfall near Veracruz, Veracruz State, on the central Mexican Gulf coast, as a major hurricane.

Tropical storm Karl became a Cat 1 hurricane on September 16th.

KARL: 165 KM FROM VERACRUZ; SEPTEMBER 17

TROPICAL STORM KARL: SEPT 14-17, 2010

It was not the best time for a “rainmaker” like Karl to make landfall near Veracruz, because rain had been falling in the area since mid-August.

Karl dumped 8 inches (21.5 cm of rain in Veracruz within 90 minutes, 31.4 cm in the nearby mountains, and 25.4 cm across the central and southern Gulf coast region before drenching Mexico City.

FLOODING IN ANTIGUA: 35 KM FROM VERACRUZ; SEPT 17

Karl caused widespread damage in Veracruz: knocking down hundreds of trees, billboards, and power poles, leaving 80 % of the city without electricity, and upending cars.

State-owned Petroleos Mexicanos closed 14 production wells in the northern part of Veracruz state and evacuated workers from some oil platforms in the Gulf.

The Laguna Verde nuclear power plant was shuttered and workers were evacuated.

TROPICAL STORM MATTHEW: SEPT 24, 2010

MATTHEW WEAKENS, BUT STILL A RAINMAKER: SEPT 26, 2010

After landfall in Belize, Matthew’s rains and winds hit Honduras and Nicaragua on Friday (24th), forcing hundreds of residents and tourists to evacuate and threatening coffee and sugar crops.

The small economies of Guatemala, Nicaragua and Honduras depend heavily on agricultural exports like coffee and sugar.

Matthew moved northward towards Guatemala and Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula as a rainmaker, losing force before reaching the Gulf of Mexico where most of Mexico's oil platforms are located.

KARL AND MATTHEW’S RAIN TRIGGERED LANDSLIDE IN MEXICO: SEPT 28, 2010 Village in Santa Maria Tlahuitoltapec, Oaxca State buried by massive landslide.

TROPICAL STORM NICOLE FORMS NEAR CUBA: SEPT 2010

Nicole’s fast moving remnant joined another low pressure system and became a big rainmaker for the East Coast, from Florida to Maine.

TROPICAL STORM PAULA FORMS NEAR HONDURAS: OCT 11

PAULA HEADS TOWARDS CUBA AS CAT 2 HURRICANE: OCT 13

HURRICANE PAULA SOAKS CUBA’S TOBACCO FIELDS: OCT 16

Cuba's current weak economy was still recovering from 2008’s devastating trio of Hurricanes Gustav, Ike and Paloma that caused $10 billion in damage to the tobacco fields of Pinar del Rio and to other parts of the island. .

On October 17th, Western Cuba was at high risk, because whenever a big storm like Paula is moving slowly, it's going to spend a longer time dumping heavy rain, and it could still strengthen again. .

DEPRESSION 19 BECOMES TROPICAL STORM RICHARD: OCT 21

RICHARD BRUSHES HONDURAS ENROUTE TO MEXICO: OCT 23

Richard became a CAT 1 hurricane on Sunday, Oct 24th. .

AS A TROPICAL STORM AND HURRICANE; SHARY WAS NO PROBLEM: OCT 27

TOMAS BECAME A HURRICANE IN ONE DAY: OCTOBER 30

Recognizing the danger Tomas represented to locations in the eastern Caribbean, Haiti, and possibly the Gulf of Mexico, all nations were advised to pay close attention to Tomas’ path during the first week of November. .

In the eastern Caribbean, Tomas left at least 14 dead, many homeless, and island nations suffering from millions of dollars in damages to banana crops, housing, and infrastructure from wind, flooding, and landslides

TOMAS: IMPACTS BARBADOS

Tomas, as a CAT 2 storm, was the “the worst in Saint Tomas, as a CAT 2 storm, was the “the worst in Saint. Lucian history,” causing the loss of its entire banana crop, which along with tourism, is extremely important to Saint Lucia’s economy. .

TOMAS: IMPACTS SAINT LUCIA

Hurricane Tomas, which intensified overnight on Thursday (Nov Hurricane Tomas, which intensified overnight on Thursday (Nov. 4) to CAT 1, is bearing down on Haiti, a country with a triple disaster: 1) the January 12, 2010 earthquake, 2) cholera affecting at least 6,700 people, and 3) more than 1 million people still living in tents. .

"Haiti and the Dominican Republic occupy the same island, but Haiti has a much bigger landslide problem, because the Dominican Republic still has its forests and Haiti does not. .

A TREELESS, LANDSLIDE-PRONE HAITI FACING TOMAS, A RAINMAKER

HAITIANS: AWAITING EVACUATION ON NOV 4th

HAITIAN’S POOREST OF THE POOR WITH NO PLACE TO GO

Tomas, a CAT I storm and rainmaker, came ashore at Haiti's far southwestern edge on Nov. 5th, slamming the coastline with 135 kph (85-mph) winds and deluging the area with heavy rain. .

RELATIVE GOOD NEWS: Perhaps, only six deaths along with an early indication that, except for localized flooding, most of the tent cities were spared. .

Leogane, which had already lost 90 percent of its buildings and thousands of people in the Jan. 12th quake, is one of several Haitian towns that were not spared from flooding. .

LEONGANE: COPING WITH OLD AND NEW DISASTERS, NOV 5

Old and new disasters were mingled in Leogane, where milky-brown floodwaters filled quake-cracked streets and patched-up homes and isolated a camp that had become home to hundreds of refugees. .

FLOODING IN CITI SOLELI, HAITI: NOV 5

A RESCUE IN LEONGANE, ONE OF HAITI’S FLOODED TOWNS

NOV 6: TOMAS HEADS INTO OPEN ATLANTIC TO DIE

NOV 13: REGION IN SO. CARIBBEAN DID NOT BECOME TS VIRGINIE

NOV 15: REGION IN SO. CARIBBEAN DID NOT BECOME TS WALTER

NOEVEMBER 30th If tropical storms Virginie and Walter had formed as the 20th –21st storms of 2010, 2010, currently tied with 1995 as the 2nd busiest hurricane season, would have taken over 2nd place.