 1. Why can bacteria evolve just like we can?  2. How is comparative embryology evidence for Darwin’s Theory of Evolution?  3. True or false, Darwin’s theory of evolution included struggle for existence, meaning some organisms contained beneficial variations and some did not.  4. What type of classification classifies organisms based on DNA similarities? 4/14 Daily Catalyst Pg. 47 DNA Similarities

 Quiz #12 on Wednesday  Evidence for Darwin’s Theory  Evolution test on Thursday, April 16 th  Study guide due test day  Review day on Wednesday, April 15 th  Quiz #12 on Review day  Human body begins on Friday, April 17 th  Quiz Make up: Wyatt, Francisco and Avery 4/14 Class Business Pg. 47 DNA Similarities

 Daily Catalyst  Class Business  DNA similarities notes  Comparative embryology project  Exit Ticket #12 4/14 Agenda Pg. 47 DNA Similarities

 Explain how factors affect gene frequency in a population over time and the DNA similarities among organisms. 4/14 Daily Objective

Darwin’s evidence Pg. 36 Fossils Comparative anatomy Biogeography DNA Similarities Classification Includes comparative embryology

 Directions: Read textbook page. 262 section titled, Molecular Biology  Noise: 0 (SILENT)  Time: 12 minutes  Answer the following questions in your notebook on page 47.  1.Where does anatomical homology fail?  2.The greater the number of sequence differences, ___________  3. What is homology?  4. How does the concept of homology relate to molecular biology? Introduction

 Key Point #1: DNA is your genetic information (genes)  Your DNA determines the traits on the inside and the outside  Genotypes-  Genes  Phenotypes-  physical traits  For example:  predisposition to cancer or eye color

Do all cells contain the same DNA? No, all cells have the same building blocks, but the building blocks are arranged in different orders to give us variety. Turn and Talk

 Humans and Chimps share the same basic building blocks like the nucleotides- A,T,G, and C  Just arranged in different orders

 Key Point #2:  The more DNA two organisms share in common, the more closely related they are.

 Why are homologous structures evidence for evolution?  Homologous structures are evidence that homologous organisms share a common ancestor Stop and Jot

Who do we get our DNA from? If different organisms have similar DNA, then they… Key Point #3: If two organisms have homologous structures  They SHARE A COMMON ANCESTOR!

 Humans share a large portion of their DNA with other mammals. This strong correlation is evidence that humans and other mammals are closely related. For example…

What percentage of DNA does Mrs. Ireland share with her siblings? 99.9%

What percentage of DNA does Mrs. Ireland share with other humans? 98%

What percentage of DNA does Mrs. Ireland share with other mammals? 87%

What percentage of DNA does Mrs. Ireland share with other organisms? 81%

What percentage of DNA does Mrs. Ireland share with plants? 30%

 Why is DNA used as evidence for evolution?  DNA is a valid piece of evidence for evolution because we can use DNA sequencing to determine similarities and differences between species. DNA can also account for structural similarities seen in organisms. For species that have a common ancestor and have recently undergone evolution to form a new species, will share more DNA with one another. Final thought- Turn and Talk

 1 minute break  Find a classmate and find out what their favorite Disney movie is. Be ready to share out!

 Pg. 48 Gene Pool

What do you notice? Humans Dog Chimp Orangutan Gorilla

Darwin believed in evolution by natural selection: good traits

 Key Point #1: All of the ___________ present in a population.  The more biodiverse a population is…  The more genes in the gene pool! The gene pool GENES

Think back…

 Over time, the gene pool changes-  Key Point #2: New genes are introduced by:  Mutations in DNA  Adaptations

Adaptations  A heritable trait that helps you survive and reproduce. Mutations  A change in your DNA

 “Bad” genes disappear because:  They do not increase chance of survival.

 Predators  Prey  Resource changes  Disturbances  Natural disasters  Human activity What else could lead to the gene pool changing?

What do species do to survive?

 Changes in the gene pool will change gene frequencies.  Key Point #3: Gene Frequency  how often a certain gene appears.  For example: In the artic, the gene frequency of the white fur is more common for camouflage.

KK ey Point #4: Over time, the gene frequency will change due to predators, resources, and environmental changes.

How you might be tested on this

 Directions: On notebook page 48, answer the following textbook questions:  Page. 275:  Questions: 3, 4, 7, and 15  Noise: 1 (with partner)  Time: 10 minutes  On page 27 answer in your notes: Work Time

 Name: _________ Date: 4/14 Period: 1 Score: ____/4  1. What is DNA?  2. If two organisms have little to no DNA similarities, what can we say about their relation?  3. Why are homologous structures evidence for evolution?  4. Use the diagram to explain the similarity between Human and Zebras. Exit Ticket #12 DNA

 1. What is DNA?  All of your genetic information (traits)  2. If two organisms have little to no DNA similarities, what can we say about their relation?  They are not closely related to one another  3. Why are homologous structures evidence for evolution?  The structures are similar because they share DNA from a common ancestor and used for a different purpose due to a different environment.  4. Use the diagram to explain the similarity between Human and Zebras.  They are not related to one another and only have one amino acid in common. Exit Ticket #12