The Sonnet

Two Major Types Petrarchan Shakespearian

Two Major Types Petrarchan Shakespearian

The Sonnet Petrarchan Sonnets: Format: - 14 lines – Two Quatrains – Concluding Sestet Rhyme Scheme: Quatrains: octave pattern of abbaabba Sestet: cdcdcd, cdecde, cdeed, cddece or cdcdee

The Sonnet Shakespearian Sonnets: Format: - 14 lines Three Quatrains Couplet Rhyme Scheme: Quatrains: abab, cdcd, and efef Couplet: gg

The Sonnet Terms to know 1.Meter – measuring device 2.Syllable – a unit of sound made in speech 3.Lines - a group of words arranged into a row arranged to have a certain number of syllables, stresses, or metrical feet 4.Stanzas – groups of lines forming a unit of thought in a poem 1.Meter – measuring device 2.Syllable – a unit of sound made in speech 3.Lines - a group of words arranged into a row arranged to have a certain number of syllables, stresses, or metrical feet 4.Stanzas – groups of lines forming a unit of thought in a poem

5. Rhyme Scheme – The Pattern a rhyme makes 6. Pentameter- to repeat the iamb five times 7. Quatrain-Four lines of a stanza or poem. 8. Sestet: Six lines of a stanza or poem. 9. Octave: Eight lines of a stanza or poem. 10. Couplet: Two consecutive lines that must rhyme. 11. Argument – The Message Of The Poem 12. Volta: The turning point of the poem 5. Rhyme Scheme – The Pattern a rhyme makes 6. Pentameter- to repeat the iamb five times 7. Quatrain-Four lines of a stanza or poem. 8. Sestet: Six lines of a stanza or poem. 9. Octave: Eight lines of a stanza or poem. 10. Couplet: Two consecutive lines that must rhyme. 11. Argument – The Message Of The Poem 12. Volta: The turning point of the poem The Sonnet Terms to know

The Living Iambic Pentameter

The Iambic Pentameter Today I know I’ll find my other shoe The man I love is quite illiterate now you write an example in your notes

Example of a Petrarchan sonnet: William Wordsworth's "London, 1802" Milton! thou shouldst be living at this hour: - England hath need of thee: she is a fen - Of stagnant waters: altar, sword, and pen, - Fireside, the heroic wealth of hall and bower, - Have forfeited their ancient English dower - Of inward happiness. We are selfish men; - Oh! raise us up, return to us again; - And give us manners, virtue, freedom, power. - Thy soul was like a Star, and dwelt apart; - Thou hadst a voice whose sound was like the sea: - Pure as the naked heavens, majestic, free, - So didst thou travel on life's common way, - In cheerful godliness; and yet thy heart - The lowliest duties on herself did lay. -

Example of a Petrarchan sonnet: William Wordsworth's "London, 1802" Milton! thou shouldst be living at this hour: - A England hath need of thee: she is a fen - B Of stagnant waters: altar, sword, and pen, - B Fireside, the heroic wealth of hall and bower, - A Have forfeited their ancient English dower - A Of inward happiness. We are selfish men; - B Oh! raise us up, return to us again; - B And give us manners, virtue, freedom, power. - A Octave - Introduces the theme or problem Thy soul was like a Star, and dwelt apart; - C Thou hadst a voice whose sound was like the sea: - D Pure as the naked heavens, majestic, free, - D So didst thou travel on life's common way, - E In cheerful godliness; and yet thy heart - C The lowliest duties on herself did lay. - E Sestet - Solves the problem

XCVIII. From you have I been absent in the spring, When proud pied April, dressed in all his trim, Hath put a spirit of youth in every thing, That heavy Saturn laughed and leapt with him. Yet nor the lays of birds, nor the sweet smell Of different flowers in odour and in hue, Could make me any summer's story tell, Or from their proud lap pluck them where they grew: Nor did I wonder at the lily's white, Nor praise the deep vermilion in the rose; They were but sweet, but figures of delight, Drawn after you, you pattern of all those. Yet seemed it winter still, and you away, As with your shadow I with these did play. ABABCDCDEFEFGGABABCDCDEFEFGG

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Modern Poets Bend the Forms...

What lips my lips have kissed, and where, and why (Sonnet XLIII) What lips my lips have kissed, and where, and why, I have forgotten, and what arms have lain Under my head till morning; but the rain Is full of ghosts tonight, that tap and sigh Upon the glass and listen for reply, And in my heart there stirs a quiet pain For unremembered lads that not again Will turn to me at midnight with a cry. Thus in winter stands the lonely tree, Nor knows what birds have vanished one by one, Yet knows its boughs more silent than before: I cannot say what loves have come and gone, I only know that summer sang in me A little while, that in me sings no more. Edna St. Vincent Millay Note: Her use of enjambment – and the rhyme scheme of the sestet push the form – also the topic – not 1 single love

The Haw Lantern The wintry haw is burning out of season, crab of the thorn, a small light for small people, wanting no more from them but that they keep the wick of self-respect from dying out, not having to blind them with illumination. But sometimes when your breath plumes in the frost it takes the roaming shape of Diogenes with his lantern, seeking one just man; so you end up scrutinized from behind the haw he holds up at eye-level on its twig, and you flinch before its bonded pith and stone, its blood-prick that you wish would test and clear you, its pecked-at ripeness that scans you, then moves on. Seamus Heaney

The Haw Lantern The wintry haw is burning out of season, crab of the thorn, a small light for small people, As I re-read “The Haw Lantern,” it became clear that the lantern in the poem is a metaphor; the “haw” is a hawthorn bush, and the “lantern” is the large red berry, or fruit, that grows on it (see pictures). The lantern- berries, the size of crab apples (“crab of the thorn”), are shining, but they are doing so in winter, bearing fruit “out of season": o.uk/2009/03/haw- lantern.html

The Haw Lantern But sometimes when your breath plumes in the frost it takes the roaming shape of Diogenes with his lantern, seeking one just man;

Assignment : Write a sonnet. Here are the rules: It must consist of 14 lines. It must be written in iambic pentameter (duh-DUH-duh-DUH-duh-DUH-duh-DUH-duh-DUH). It must be written in one of various standard rhyme schemes. If you're writing the most familiar kind of sonnet, the Shakespearean, the rhyme scheme is this: A B C D E F G Every A rhymes with every A, every B rhymes with every B, and so forth. You'll notice this type of sonnet consists of three quatrains (that is, four consecutive lines of verse that make up a stanza or division of lines in a poem) and one couplet (two consecutive rhyming lines of verse). Create an argument – problem – solution Review your poem and fix any errors. Type Edit Place in your portfolio

In the Lab Create your portfolio Type your sonnet Save it to your portfolio Print sonnet and turn it in for a major grade. USA TEST PREP