JUDAISM -Ian Fichtner -Pilar Martínez Osorio -Belén Gonzalez -Pilar Martínez

B ELIEVES Judaism consists mainly of 4 believes: One God: Judaism is strictly monotheistic. God is absolute, indivisible and incomparabl, they call him Yehovah or Elohim. Shekinah: It´s the presence of God. It is held by some to represent the feminine attributes of the presence of God, based especially on readings of the Talmud. Teshuva: the way of atoning for sin in Judaism. There are several ways in which sins can be forgiven. Tikkun Olam: "repairing the world which suggests humanity's shared responsibility to heal, repair and transform the world.

I NTERESTING FACTS Shema: an affirmation of Judaism and a declaration of faith in one God. The obligation to recite the Shema is separate from the obligation to pray and a Jew is obligated to say Shema in the morning and at night. Covenant: Sacred agreement between the Israelites and God. The first covenant was made by God with Abraham, then renewed by his son Isaac and Isaac's son Jacob. This covenant was symbolized by circumcision. God was to make the Jewish nation great and give them the Holy Land. Kashrut: Kashrut is the body of Jewish law dealing with what foods we can and cannot eat and how those foods must be prepared and eaten. Shabbat: It is a joyful day of rest, reminding of two commandments: to remember and to observe. Yom Kippur: It´s a day of reparation in which jews have to fast and pray for 25 hours.

H OLY BOOKS To judaism belong a whole series of holy books: Tanakh: The books of the Tanakh were relayed with an accompanying oral tradition passed on by each generation, called the Oral Torah. Torah: The main holy book. Jews hold strictly to its laws. These laws include both the Biblical and rabbinic mitzvot (commandments). Mishnah: The first major written redaction of the Jewish oral traditions called the "Oral Torah“. Talmud: The first part is the Mishnah. The second part is the Gemara (c. 500 CE), an elucidation of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often deals onto other subjects and clarifies broadly the Jewish Bible.

T EN SAYINGS There are ten commandments each jew must obey and believe: 1. I am the Lord your God who brought you out of slavery in Egypt. 2. You shall have no other gods but me. 3. You shall not misuse the name of the Lord your God. 4. You shall remember and keep the Sabbath day holy. 5. Honor your father and mother. 6. You shall not murder. 7. You shall not commit adultery. 8. You shall not steal. 9. You shall not bear false witness against thy neighbor. 10. You shall not envy.

613 COMMANDMENTS These principles of Biblical law are called commandments (mitzvot) and are referred to as the "Law of Moses“. These are contained in the Torah. Examples: 1. To honor the old and the wise. 2. To learn Torah and to teach it. See Torah. 3. To cleave to those who know. 4. Not to add to the commandments of the Torah, whether in the Written Law or in its interpretation received by tradition. See Torah. 5. Not to take away from the commandments of the Torah. See Torah. 6. That every person shall write a scroll of the Torah for himself.