Harman Academy February 2009

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 2 Agenda Video:  TV formats  High-definition TV HDMI ™ technology:  History  Upscaling  HDMI versions  New audio decoding formats

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 3 The good old days Watching TV was simple and easy.

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 4 TV formats New demand for better quality and larger screens

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 5 Standard-Definition TV: (PAL format) 576 lines, interlaced 50Hz 720 horizontal resolution Standard-definition TV TV formats

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 6 ″High-Definition″ TV: 720 lines, interlaced 50Hz 1280 horizontal resolution ″High-definition″ TV TV formats

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 7 High-Definition TV: 1080 lines, interlaced 50Hz 1920 horizontal resolution High-definition TV TV formats

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 8 High definition Video resolutions

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 9 ″HD Ready″ TV Requirements: Min. 720p or 1080i Via HDMI, DVI or component video Video resolutions High definition

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 10 ″HD Ready 1080″ TV Requirements: Min. 1080p 24p, 50p or 60p Video resolutions High definition

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 11 Satellite TV:  Some companies are transmitting HD signals  Canal Digital, Sky Digital, HD1, Euro1080, etc. High-definition sources in Europe TV:  Digital TV (DVB-T or TNT) is NOT high-definition  Some cable networks do offer HD broadcast (please check locally) Disc players:  Blu-ray Disc ™ (up to 1080/24p) players  Game consoles; Xbox ® 360 and PlayStation ® 3 systems

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 12 Agenda Video:  TV formats  High-definition TV HDMI technology:  History  Upscaling  HDMI versions  New audio decoding formats

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 13 HDMI What is it ? Better connectivity Digital TV Finally High Definition Much better sound ! What about 1.6b You must have version 1.3a Everybody needs it ! High-Definition Multimedia Interface or High-definition multiMYSTERY interface

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 14 History The history of connectivity

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 15 RCA connector Most common connector for composite video Analog A/V connectors S-video connector Four-pin cable connector with three-color separation Component video Three RCA cables to carry analog video SCART connector European 21-pin connector for composite video, RGB, S-video, controls & audio

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 16 HDMI The digital SCART cable Developed by Sony, Hitachi, Thomson (RCA), Philips, Matsushita (Panasonic), Toshiba and Silicon Image

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 17 New connectivity standard for HDTV and consumer electronics products HDMI – the digital interface to combine uncompressed high-definition video, multichannel audio, and intelligent format and command data in a single digital cable

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 18 Analog Video Analog cable connections TV AVR DVD Analog Audio from TV Digital Audio Simple solution OK picture quality No command controls

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 19 Analog cable connections TV AVR DVD Analog Audio From TV Analog Component Video Digital Audio Complicated solution Good picture quality No command controls Analog Component Video

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 20 Improved HDMI connections Large TV AVR DVD Digital Video & Audio Easy solution Improved resolution/picture quality Some command controls Digital Video & Audio Upscaling to 720p 1080i 1080p SwitchingHDMI reproduction of 720p? 1080i? 1080p? HD Ready or full HD?

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 21 HDMI with switching function Selects the source but no changes to the signal Only a ″pass through″

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 22 HDMI with repeater function Latest Chip Processes the video signal, upscaling and/or extracting the audio signal

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 23 Advanced HDMI connections Large TV AVR DVD Digital Video & Audio Advanced solution Improved resolution/picture quality Some command controls Digital Video & Audio Repeater Upscaling to 720p 1080i 1080p Upscaling to 720p 1080i 1080p Reproduction of 1080/24p? full HD? VHS Analog Audio Analog Video Blu-ray Digital Video & Audio High-definition 1080p 1080/24p HD audio Switching

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 24 Upscaling to 720p/1080i/1080p Latest Chip CVBS S-Video Component CVBS S-Video Component HDMI

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 25 Video upscaling  A process to improve the picture quality from the original  Upscaling is creating extra lines of pixels by copying parts of surrounding pixels  In reality, upscaling circuits are ″guessing″ at what the image should look like at a higher resolution  If done badly, it can ruin picture quality  If done well, with high computing power it is an improvement  Please note:  Large LCD or plasma panels are needed to be able to enjoy any improvements  Upscaling to even 1080p will NOT give high definition

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 26 Video upscaling 480p 720p 1080i  A process to improve the picture quality from the original

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 27 Upscaling Conclusions about upscaling: 1.Upscaling will NOT give you high-definition quality 2.To see any improvements, you must have a very good (min. HD Ready), large TV display 3.Very few TVs sold can handle 1080p or 1080/24p 4.720p might be better than 1080i (fast movements) 5.Upscaling CAN improve the picture quality, but not always

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 28 High definition 720p or 1080i??? i = interlaced video p = progressive scan video Progressive or interlaced?

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 29 High definition Odd field Even field Interlaced:

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 30 High definition Full frame Progressive:

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 31 Agenda Video:  TV formats  High-definition TV HDMI technology:  History  Upscaling  HDMI versions  New audio decoding formats

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 32 Typical advertisement High-end home theater receiver, introducing new technologies and functions, including CINEMA DSP 3D mode, latest HDMI V.1.3a specification support, upscaling to 1080p, full support for high-definition audio format signals, adaptive DRC and adaptive DSP level, and network receiver functions. 7-channel powerful surround sound: 980W = 140W x 7 (RMS), 1,295W = 185W x 7 (Max) HD Audio format signals capability: Dolby Digital Plus, Dolby Digital TrueHD, DTS-HD Resolution and DTS-HD Master Audio Latest HDMI V.1.3a (4 in/1 out) with Deep Color (30/36 bit), 120/100Hz and 24Hz Refresh Rates, and Auto Lip-Sync compensation Etc., etc.

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 33 HDMI versions / 1.2a1.3 / 1.3a / 1.3b Maximum signal bandwidth (MHz) Maximum TMDS bandwidth (Gbit/s) Maximum video bandwidth (Gbit/s) Maximum audio bandwidth (Mbit/s)36.86 Resolutions possible over single link HDMI at 24bits per pixel1920x1080p x1600p60 RGByes YCbCryes xvYCCno yes Deep Colorno yes Maximum Color Depth (bits per pixel)24 48* Consumer Electronic Control (CEC)**yes Updated list of CEC commands***no no (1.3a:yes) Auto lip-syncno yes 8channel/192 kHz/24-bit audio capabilityyes DVD-A supportnoyes SACD (DSD) support ****no yes Dolby TrueHD bitstream capableno yes DTS-HD Master Audio bitstream capableno yes Blu-ray/HD DVD video and audio at full resolution*****yes

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 34 HDMI versions Different HDMI versions: V.1.0 V.1.1 V.1.2 V.1.2a V.1.3 V.1.3a V.1.3b §For different applications and needs §Not only a matter of old or new versions §Products specified for any HDMI version might not include all listed HDMI features!! §Some HDMI features are optional

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 35 HDMI V.1.0  HDMI V.1.0 (December 2002)  Single cable for digital audio & video (max. bit rate 4,96-Gbit/sec.):  Handles up to 1080p  Handles up to 8-channel 192kHz/24-bit audio  Handles Blu-ray Disc video  But does not handle all Blu-ray Disc audio signals  Perfect video connection for DVD players and recorders

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 36 HDMI V.1.1  HDMI V.1.1 (May 2004)  Like HDMI V.1.0, but also handles:  DVD-Audio signals  Perfect video connection for DVD players and recorders

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 37 HDMI V.1.2  HDMI V.1.2 (August 2005)  Like HDMI V.1.1, but also handles:  1-Bit audio used for SACD ™ format; up to 8 channels  Improved PC connectivity features  Perfect video connection for DVD players and recorders

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 38 HDMI V.1.2a  HDMI V.1.2a (December 2005)  Like HDMI V.1.2, but also handles:  Fully specifies HDMI CEC* features, command sets and CEC compliance tests * Perfect video connection for TV, receivers and DVD players/recorders

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 39 HDMI V.1.3  HDMI V.1.3 (June )  Like HDMI V.1.2, but with higher bandwidth (10.2-Gbit/sec.):  Supports 30–48-bit xvYCC with Deep Color (but it is optional)  Supports output of Dolby ® TrueHD and DTS-HD ™ (but it is optional)  Incorporates automatic audio video sync. capability  Perfect video connection for Blu-ray Disc players

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 40 HDMI V.1.3a  HDMI V.1.3a (November )  Like HDMI V.1.3, but incorporating some small modifications:  Modifications for mini Type C HDMI plug (mostly for cameras)  Higher capacity for HDMI CEC signals (timer and audio commands added)  Perfect video connection for Blu-ray Disc players

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 41 HDMI V.1.3b  HDMI V.1.3b (March )  Like HDMI V.1.3a:  HDMI V.1.3 final testing specifications released  No new features, just to secure HDMI V.1.3 functionality

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 42 HDMI V.1.4?  HDMI V.1.4??  HDMI V.1.3a already supports more than HD:  HDMI V.1.4 could be wireless standard OR  A new and solid terminal

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 43 HDMI CEC HDMI CEC:  CEC (Consumer Electronic Control):  Connectivity, control signals transmitted through the HDMI cable  Example: Pushing the play button on the DVD remote, and the DVD player will initiate a series of automatic functions: 1.Turn the DVD player on 2.Start the DVD playback 3.Turn the A/V receiver on 4.Adjust the A/V receiver to the right input signal 5.Start the correct sound decoding in the A/V receiver 6.Turn the TV on 7.Adjust the TV to the correct input terminal  All completely automatic, with only one push on the DVD remote

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 44 HDMI CEC You just want to watch a movie…

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 45 HDMI CEC *HDMI CEC:  CEC – Consumer Electronic Control  A new industry standard, open for everybody  Most suppliers try to position the use of CEC as something exclusive for their own brand, using new marketing names and logos:  ″Simplink″ by LG  ″RIHD″ by Onkyo  ″Anynet″ by Samsung  ″Regza Link″ by Toshiba  ″BRAVIA Theatre Link″ by Sony  ″Viera Link″ by Panasonic and JVC

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 46 New HDMI guidelines from October  HDMI Forum: ″HDMI version numbers, e.g., HDMI 1.3, can no longer be referenced in marketing materials unless the manufacturer also lists the specific HDMI features that are supported.″  HDMI Forum: ″HDMI-related features must be referenced using consistent naming conventions, e.g., Deep Color or x.v.Color, rather than by the use of manufacturer-specific brand names. In order to claim the feature, the manufacturer must demonstrate a minimum level of functionality.″  HDMI Forum: ″HDMI cables that have been tested to a higher performance standard (defined as 'Category 2' in the HDMI standard) are to be labeled 'High-Speed HDMI' cables. A High-Speed HDMI cable has been tested to reliably send a 1080p signal for 7.5 meters or more.″

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 47 HDMI cables Resolution-guaranteed HDMI: 1m – 6m supports V.1.3 resolution up to 1080p. 8m –10m supports V.1.2 resolution up to 1080p. 12m & 15m supports V.1.2 resolution up to 720p and 1080i. Quality of HDMI cables is critical §Category 1, for HD TV §Category 2, for high-speed and better-than-HD TV Long cables are critical (>8 meters) This is how the cable suppliers should behave:

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 48 HDMI overview

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 49 Advanced HDMI connections Large TV AVR DVD Digital Video & Audio Improved resolution & picture quality Some control commands Digital Video & Audio Upscaling to 720p 1080i 1080p Repeater Upscaling to 720p 1080i 1080p Reproduction of Full HD? 1080/24p? VHS Analog Audio Analog Video Digital Video & Audio Blu-ray High-Definition 1080p & 1080/24p HD Audio

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 50 HDMI cable connection Is it important to have the latest version of HDMI technology? Yes, it’s nice to be prepared for the future No, it depends on your application; a practical case...

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 51 Solution Large TV AVR VHS Analog Audio & Video Blu-ray HDMI 1080/24p HDMI V.1.3 HDMI V.1.1 HDMI V.1.3 If you don’t have an HDMI V.1.3 receiver: Perfect 1080/24p Pictures Digital Audio or Analog 5.1 Out

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 52 HDMI, summing up 1.The required HDMI version depends on application 2.Consumer benefit depends on the implementation 3.Final picture quality depends on:  The quality and construction of the video circuits  The video source  The quality and resolution of the TV display  The quality and bandwidth of the HDMI cables 4.Final sound quality depends on:  The quality and construction of audio circuits  The audio/video source  The quality and bandwidth of the HDMI cables

© 2008 Harman International Industries, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Page 53 Agenda Video:  TV formats  High-definition TV HDMI technology:  History  Upscaling  HDMI versions  New audio decoding formats