Carbohydrates Good or Bad ??????? You get to answer this question at the end! Monomers and Polymers of Organic Compounds

Carbohydrates are organic compounds.We know them as sugars and starches. Organic compounds have carbon in them. Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen usually in a 1:2:1 ratio. CHO

Use the following to make the formula for glucose sugar C 6 H__ O__ don’t for get the 1:2:1 ratio

The subunits or monomers that make up carbohydrates are simple sugars or monosaccharides

Indicator solutions test to see if a specific substance is present. Benedict’s solution can be used to test for monosaccharides (sugars) Blue for neg. yellowish for positive.

The monomers of carbohydrates are monosaccharides. 3 examples of monosaccharides (also known as sugars). –Glucose : in blood –Galactose : from milk –Fructose : from plants

The polymer of a carbohydrate is called a Polysaccharide. Monosaccharide Many monosaccharides make a polysaccharide.

CarbohydratePolysaccharides- 4 types 1.Plant starch –Stores energy for future use. Example: potatoes & carrots =Storage Starch 2.Cellulose Makes up cell walls in plants. Gives strength and rigidity as well as flexibility to plants.Celery is a good example of a vegetable with lots of cellulose. =Structural Starch

CarbohydratePolysaccharides- 4 types 1.Plant starch –Stores energy for future use. Example: potatoes & carrots =Storage Starch 2.Cellulose Makes up cell walls in plants. Gives strength and rigidity as well as flexibility to plants.Celery is a good example of a vegetable with lots of cellulose. =Structural Starch

Complex carbohydrates continued… 3. Glycogen – animal starch –Stored in liver and muscles to provide energy and regulate blood sugar levels. =_______________ 4. Chitin – exoskeletons of insects =_______________

Foods that have lots of carbohydrates fall into 2 categories Simple carbohydrates –Sugary foods –Highly processed grains – white bread, white rice, & pasta –Gives you that SUGAR RUSH Complex carbohydrates –Whole grain foods, fruits and vegetables –These are broken down slower in the body and are better for you

Carbohydrates give you energy! So choose heart healthy whole grain carbohydrates fruits and vegetables

What might happen without enough carbohydrates?

Or perhaps fall asleep in Science Class???????

Product Of photosynthesis ___________ __ __ __ Lipids __ __ __ Proteins __ __ __ __ __ Nucleic Acids __ __ __ __ __ Plants use photosynthesis to make monomers of carbohydrates known assugar, or monosaccharides. When other elements from the soil (nitrogen, phosphates, and sulfur are added plants can make all the organic macromolecules we have been studying. These macromolecules are then passed through the food chain. Polymers are digested into monomers to make polymers for the organism that ate the food.

Complex carbohydrates are made of many sugar molecules.

Science Standard 5.5 ALL STUDENTS WILL GAIN AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE STRUCTURE, CHARACTERISTICS, AND BASIC NEEDS OF ORGANISMS AND WILL INVESTIGATE THE DIVERSITY OF LIFE.