THE MODERN CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT Taking a walk With Civil Rights Leaders and established laws for African Americans and Women

The Modern Civil Rights Movement

Effects of Segregation Separate educational facilities and resources for white and African American students Separate educational facilities and resources for white and African American students

Separate public facilities (e.g., restrooms, drinking fountains, restaurants) Separate public facilities (e.g., restrooms, drinking fountains, restaurants)

Social isolation of races Social isolation of races

Court Cases and Laws Opposition to Plessy vs. Fergurson – “separate but equal” Opposition to Plessy vs. Fergurson – “separate but equal” Brown vs. Board of Education – court case that decided that segregation was unequal and unconstitutional Brown vs. Board of Education – court case that decided that segregation was unequal and unconstitutional

Plessy vs. Fergurson –

A Half-Century Landmark: Brown v. Board of Education

Civil Rights Act of 1964 – banned discrimination in public places such as restaurants and in hiring on the basis of race, religion, gender, or nationality. Civil Rights Act of 1964 – banned discrimination in public places such as restaurants and in hiring on the basis of race, religion, gender, or nationality. Voting Rights Act of 1965 – banned all poll taxes and literacy tests Voting Rights Act of 1965 – banned all poll taxes and literacy tests

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Civil Rights Fighters

Martin Luther King, Jr. – known for his passive (non-violent) resistance against segregated facilities Martin Luther King, Jr. – known for his passive (non-violent) resistance against segregated facilities Rosa Parks – refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man and led to the Montgomery Bus Boycott Rosa Parks – refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man and led to the Montgomery Bus Boycott Freedom Riders – groups of white and African American people who rode interstate buses to protest segregation Freedom Riders – groups of white and African American people who rode interstate buses to protest segregation

NAACP – The National Organization for the Advancement of Colored People This organization was formed by a group of black leaders that became a voice for the rights of African Americans This organization was formed by a group of black leaders that became a voice for the rights of African Americans

Martin Luther King, Jr.: "I Have a Dream

“I knew someone had to take the first step and I made up my mind not to move.” Rosa Parks

Fighting for the Cause Examples of organized protests used to bring attention to discrimination and segregation Examples of organized protests used to bring attention to discrimination and segregation  Sit-ins  Marches  Bus boycotts  Freedom Rides

Equality for Women

Workplace Disadvantages Discrimination in hiring practices against women Discrimination in hiring practices against women Lower wages for women than men doing the same job Lower wages for women than men doing the same job

Improved Conditions National Organization for Women (NOW) National Organization for Women (NOW) Federal legislation to force colleges to give women equal athletic opportunities Federal legislation to force colleges to give women equal athletic opportunities The Equal Rights Amendment, despite its failure, and a focus on equal opportunity employment created a wider range of options and advancement for women in business and public service. The Equal Rights Amendment, despite its failure, and a focus on equal opportunity employment created a wider range of options and advancement for women in business and public service.

The Modern Civil Rights Movement Included equal rights for all Americans, regardless of race, gender, or handicap