CJ 297: Criminal Law Mount Mercy University
Constitutions Statutory Law Administrative Law Case Law 2
U.S. Constitution Basic legal principles/foundation Criminal laws cannot violate State Constitutions Mirror U.S. Constitution Cannot contradict U.S. Constitution Can grant greater individual rights 3
Written Compiled in Codes U.S. Code State Codes Local Codes Statute must be violated 4
Legislature delegates authority Specialization Examples 5
Written decisions of judges (appeals) Hierarchy & stare decisis Interpret laws Ensure statutes don’t violate constitutions 6
Two-tiered system of government National (federal) States 7
Why is it important to criminal law? Criminal law left to States A few national exceptions Crimes at sea, on waterways Crimes on federal property Crimes that cross state boundaries 8
Federal Court Structure 9 Federal Courts U.S. Supreme Court Appeals Court District Court/Trial level State Courts State Supreme Courts Appeals Court District Court/Trial level
Grounds for Appeal Legal Error Appeals make Case Law 10
Hierarchy Stare decisis Exception: Overrule Plessy v. Ferguson (1896): separate but equal Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Bowers v. Hardwick (1986): sodomy v. privacy Lawrence & Garner v. Texas (2003) 11