ENERGY & LIFE

Remember from BIO 1 _____________ can make their own food using energy from sunlight. Ex: Green plants, a few bacteria AUTOTROPHS

Remember from BIO 1 __________________ get energy by consuming other organisms Ex: Animals, fungi, most bacteria HETEROTROPHS

Images: WHAT DO CELLS USE ENERGY FOR ? ACTIVE TRANSPORT Na+ - K + PUMP Endocytosis Exocytosis Animation from: Remember from BIO 1

WHAT DO CELLS USE ENERGY FOR ? Movement Synthesis of biomolecules Reproduction Meiosis: Cilia: Replication: Transcription: Translation:

ATP Image by: Riedell Remember from BIO 1 ONE SPECIAL KIND of NUCLEOTIDE is used by cells to store and transport ENERGY

CELLS USE ATP TO STORE and RELEASE ENERGY ATP = __________________________ Adenosine triphosphate ____ PHOSPHATE GROUPS 3

ATP can change into ADP ADP = __________________________ Adenosine diphosphate ____ PHOSPHATE GROUPS 2

ATP → ____ + ____ + ATP releases energy stored in a high energy chemical bond by removing the phosphate and becoming ADP ADP

ADP + ___ + ________ → ___ The energy to do this comes from ____________ like _____________ Cells ________ energy by adding the phosphate back on to ADP to make ATP. ATP It’s like recharging the battery ! STORE FOODSGLUCOSE

Watch a video clip about ATP FORMATION (8A)

ATP is useful BUT... ATP is great for TRANSFERRING ENERGY, but _____ good for storing ________ amounts of energy for the ______________. A single molecule of GLUCOSE stores more than _________the chemical energy. Cells only keep enough ATP around to last a few seconds and recharge it by burning___________. NOTLARGE LONG TERM 90 times glucose

Example: GLUCOSE C 6 H 12 O 6 Image from: Remember from BIO 1 CARBOHYDRATES contain Carbon, Hydrogen, & Oxygen (with a ratio of 1 C: 2 H: 1 O)

MONOSACCHARIDES Single sugar molecules C 6 H 12 O C 5 H 10 O 5

CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY Images from: Cells burn GLUCOSE for their energy needs Remember from BIO 1

CARBOHYDRATES are building blocks for other molecules ATP DNA & RNA POLYSACCHARIDES ATP by Riedell

Starch Glucose Section 2-3 Remember from BIO 1

Molecules made by joining MANY sugar molecules together are called ___________________ POLYSACCHARIDES EXAMPLES: Image from:

GLYCOGEN is the way _________ cells store GLUCOSE to use later. Image from: ANIMAL CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY

STARCH is the way _______ cells store GLUCOSE for later. Images from: PLANT CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY

The End of 8-1