Structure of Aquatic Ecosystems. Relative importance of allochthonous versus autochthonous sources of nutrients sediments organic matter (dissolved and.

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Presentation transcript:

Structure of Aquatic Ecosystems

Relative importance of allochthonous versus autochthonous sources of nutrients sediments organic matter (dissolved and particulate)

Productivity within a Watershed Wetland very productive Terrestrial systems moderately productive Aquatic systems least productive

Zones of a Lake

Zones of a Reservoir

Zonation of Littoral Vegetation

Aufwuchs

Categories of Aufwuchs Epiphytic Epipelic Episammic Epilithic

Phytoplankton

Zooplankton

Benthos

Nekton

Trophic Structure Primary Producers Primary Consumers Secondary Consumers (carnivores) Decomposers

Food Web

River Continuum

Productivity Rate at which energy enters one trophic level from a lower trophic level.

Efficiency Energy transfers not very efficient because of dissipation through metabolism, etc. Also, mechanisms of energy transfer not inherently efficient. For example photosynthesis is less than 1% efficient in water.

Diversity Complexity of a community

Relative Sizes

Biomass Ways to determine: Volume and number Weight –fresh and dry Oxidize living matter to CO2 Total ATP For primary producers, extract chlorophylls

Production New organic mass per unit of time Σ [new organic biomass - respiration -excretion - secretion – injury – death – grazing]

Energy Flow in an Ecosystem