Forest cutting and reproducing techniques

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Presentation transcript:

Forest cutting and reproducing techniques 29.03 Environmental and Natural Resources I

Intermediate Cuttings Cuttings made between reproduction and harvest in a forest Thinning Liberation Sanitation Salvage Removal of undesirable trees Prescription Burning

Intermediate Cuttings The different types of cuttings are dependent upon: Climate Tree species Owner and manager objectives

Thinning When only some of the trees in the stand are removed Reduces the competition for essential needs from other trees

Liberation Removal of the taller, dominant trees from a stand

Sanitation Cutting that removes the injured, diseased, or insect-infested trees from the stand

Salvage Cutting that involves removal of trees that are dead or damaged by storms, construction, etc.

Removal Removal of undesirable trees involves removing trees that could be compared to weeds Forked trees Crooked trunks Pine trees in a hardwood stand

Prescription Burning Controlled burning of the undergrowth in a forest

Harvest Cuttings Selective Cutting Shelterwood Cutting Seed-tree Cutting Coppice Cutting Clear Cutting

Selective Cutting Individual trees are selected for harvest based on maturity, size, species, etc. Goals are to produce an income and a better timber yield

Shelterwood Cutting Harvesting a mature forest in two or three stages

Seed-tree Cutting The entire stand is removed except for a few of the best trees that are left to produce seeds

Coppice Cutting Similar to seed-tree cutting Rather than remaining trees providing seed, the remaining trees develop root suckers to produce new trees

Clear Cutting All the trees in a stand are harvested at one time Most economical and most controversial

Reproducing the Forest Natural Seeding Direct Seeding Cuttings Plant Seedlings

Natural Seeding Allowing trees to naturally reseed to produce new growth Economical Least amount of control by the forest manager

Direct Seeding Applying tree seeds directly to the desired area Can be done by: Hand Seed spreaders Grain drills Aircraft

Cuttings Cuttings can be taken from existing trees, allowed to root, and then planted

Plant Seedlings Planting a nursery-produced seedling More labor and expensive Allows complete control over reproduction Tends to get results quickly

Plant Seedling Continued Some states offer government rebates to landowners who reforest their land after harvest The most certain and quickest way to reproduce trees