EXCAVATION, BARRIERS AND TIMBERING

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Presentation transcript:

EXCAVATION, BARRIERS AND TIMBERING SBEQ 1112 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY I EXCAVATION, BARRIERS AND TIMBERING Mr. Syamsul Hendra Bin Mahmud Department of Quantity Surveying Faculty of the Built Environment Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

EXCAVATION WORKS Excavation works can be define as the art or process of excavating or digging. Excavation works can be divided into three types which are shallow, medium or deep excavation depends on their work elements. Average depth Shallow (up to 1.50m deep) Medium (between 1.50m – 3.00m deep) Deep (over 3.00m deep)

EXCAVATION WORKS Excavation works can be executed either By manual By mechanical plant and equipment

EXCAVATION WORKS Examples of excavation works Excavate for topsoil Trench excavation Excavation for pad footing Excavation for raft foundation

BARRIERS Examples for barriers on excavation works Tripods with continuous tubular rail Continuous rail fixed to poling boards Close boarding Hazards cone with metal stakes

GAMBAR BARRIERS DARI BUKU CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY (BIRU) Examples for barriers on excavation works GAMBAR BARRIERS DARI BUKU CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY (BIRU)

TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION Timbering involved works for temporary supports to the sides of excavations. Also known as planking and strutting. The side of excavations will need support to: Protect the operatives while working in the excavation. Keep the excavation open as a retaining wall to the sides of the trench. Retain the surrounding soils

TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION Sides of excavation requires different amount of timbering. It depends upon several factors: The nature of the soil to be upheld The depth of the excavation Vibration and load from nearby traffic or other causes Position of water tables Climate conditions Length the excavation to remain open

TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION Examples of timbering in hard soils EDIT GAMBAR TAK PERLU

TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION Examples of timbering in firm soils EDIT GAMBAR TAK PERLU

TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION Examples of timbering in dry loose soils EDIT GAMBAR TAK PERLU

TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION Examples of timbering in loose wet soils EDIT GAMBAR TAK PERLU

TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION Adjustable metal struts EDIT GAMBAR

TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION Examples LUKIS SEMULA

TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION Examples LUKIS SEMULA

TIMBERING OF EXCAVATION REFERENCES Chudley, R. and Greeno, R. (2007) Construction Technology, 4th Edition, Pearson Education Limited, England. Chudley, R. and Greeno, R. (2006) Building Construction Handbook, 6th Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, England.