Riparian Zones “A Line of Defense Vital to Healthy Rivers & Streams” Coe Lake Outdoor Science Education Life Science Unit.

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Presentation transcript:

Riparian Zones “A Line of Defense Vital to Healthy Rivers & Streams” Coe Lake Outdoor Science Education Life Science Unit

What is a riparian zone? A belt of trees, shrubs, and grasses located adjacent to the “up-slope” from a body of water. Healthy One: complex, highly productive with a great deal of biodiversity.

What is a Riparian Buffer Zone? STREAM-SIDE FORESTS land directly adjacent to a waterway (streams, ponds, lakes, rivers, wetlands). A healthy riparian zone with lots of vegetation plays an integral role in protecting water quality and ecological integrity and diversity.

Important functions of the riparian zone include: Stabilization of streambanks. The roots of trees and plants hold streambank soil in place so that ground is not lost to erosion.

Riparian Buffer Video Riparian Buffer

Importance of Riparian Buffers Reducing non-point source pollution; it is a natural filter reducing the amt. of nutrients, sediments and chemicals that enter a stream or river. Stabilizes banks and reduces erosion; it traps and binds soil particles together. Decreases flood severity; acts like a sponge to help soak up excess water. Provides important habitat; they feed, shelter and provide travel paths (green highways) for critters (>95% of all terretsrial species in North America); cools water (which can absorb more oxygen when cooler, more oxygen more aquatic life-forms).

Benefits of Riparian Zones Increase your property value Reduce property loss from excessive erosion Protect water quality Enhance wildlife habitat Contribute to the natural beauty of the land Dissipate noise from water traffic, roads, and nearby properties Reduce maintenance time and related costs Provide privacy Screen unsightly views Enhance scenic views.

Threats Clearance for agriculture Pollution Overgrazing by livestock Timber industry/tree plantations Residential/business development

Modification of Riparian Areas

Evaluate These Riparian Areas

What You Can Do Plant bundles of native species along river banks. Allow a natural buffer to form from the edge of your lawn at least 25 ft. to the river (simply don’t mow). Re-position your home’s rain gutter so that it drains to lawn instead of pavement. Participate in river clean- up days.

Suggested Plants for Riparian Buffer: Trees: American beech (Fagus grandifolia), Black willow (Salix nigra), Pagoda dogwood (Cornus alternifolia), Pin oak (Quercus palustris), Red maple (Acer rubrum), River birch (Betula nigra), Tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera) Shrubs: American elderberry (Sambucus canadensis), Arrowwood (Viburnum dentatum), Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis), Highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum), Red chokeberry (Aronia arbutifolia), Silky dogwood (Cornus racemosa) Witch-hazel (Hamamelis virginiana) Grasses & Sedges: Big blue stem (Andropogon geradii), Broom sedge (Carex scoparia), Riverbank wild rye (Elymus riparius), Soft rush (Juncus effusus) Switch grass (Panicum virgatum) Perennial Flowers: Beard-tongue (Penstemon digitalis), Blue vervain (Verbana hastata), Cardinal flower (Lobelia cardinalis), Ironweed (Vernonia noveboracensis), New England Aster (Aster novae-angliae), Swamp milkweed (Asclepias incarnata)

What You Need to Know Define riparian zone Ecologically important because… Economically important because… Healthy riparian zone looks like…unhealthy riparian zone looks like…