Aquatic Botany Angiosperms

Hydrophytes Plants growing in water or on a substrate that is at least periodically deficient in oxygen as a result of excessive water content.

Categorizing Wetland Plants for Delineation Purposes (p. 755 of Mitsch) Obligate Wetland (OBL)-occur almost always (>99%) in wetlands; E.g., Typha latifolia, Cattail Facultative Wetland (FACW)-occur usually (67-99%) in wetlands, but also occur in non-wetlands (1-33%); E.g., Onoclea sensibilis, Sensitive Fern Facultative (FAC)-similar likelihood of occurring in wetlands and non-wetlands (33-67%); E.g., Euthamia graminifolia, Grass-leaved Goldenrod Facultative Upland (FACU)-occur sometimes in wetlands (1-33%) but more often in non wetlands; E.g., Quercus rubra, Red Oak Obligate Upland (UPL)-occur rarely (<1%) in wetlands; e.g., Dennsteadtia punctilobula, Hay-scented Fern (+/- may be appended)

Categorizing Wetland Plants by Growth Form Emergent-with leaves that extend above the water surface; e.g., Northern Blue Flag, Iris versicolor Free-floating-float freely on the water surface; e.g., Duckweed, Lemna minor Floating-leaved-leaves float on water surface; e.g., Spatterdock, Nuphar variegata Submersed-most of leaves growing under water surface; e.g., Curly-leaf Pondweed, Potomogeton crispus

Emergents Blue Flag IrisCattail, Typha sp.

Emergents tolerate fluctuating water levels may dampen shoreline wave erosion; stabilize sediments with interlocking rootbed of rhizomes usually with protective waxy cuticle leaves with aerenchymous tissue making them buoyant, useful for waterfowl nests may reproduce aerially (flowers) or vegetatively by rhizomes

Aerenchyma

American Burreed, Sparganium americanum Purple Loosestrife

Floating-leaved Plants Water Meal, Wolfia sp. Giant Duckweed, Spirodelia

Floating-Leaved Plant Community cirucular/eliptical leaves with smooth margins resist tearing leathery; thick cuticle (waterproofing) stomata on surface aerenchyma often long petioles; often covered with mucilage may reproduce from flowers or by extensive rhizomes free-floating plants produce turions to overwinter

Spatterdock Fragrant White Water Lily, Nymphea

Submersed Plant Community leaves flexible, often finely divided; provide structure for invertebrates no cuticle; often limp-the water provides support heterophylly is common stems photosynthesize some reproduce from seed, others by turion, rhizomes, or tuber

Submersed Plants Naiad, Najas sp.

Elodea canadensis

Pondweeds, Potomogeton sp.

Carex Bristly Sedge, C. comosaTussock Sedge, Carex stricta

Juncus Soft Rush, Juncus effusus