Beyond Consultation: Participatory Village Boundary Setting (VBS) and Community Mapping (CM) in Rural Indonesia Sigit Widodo & Akhmad Safik – MCA-Indonesia Martin Hardiono & Kevin Barthel - MCC Washington DC, 24-27 March 2014

Outline Green Prosperity Conceptual Framework Participatory Land Use Planning (PLUP) Key Roles of PLUP in Green Prosperity Project Conceptual Approach Process Flow: Sensitization or Piloting of Village Boundary Setting/Community Mapping Location of initial effort Issues, Challenges and Opportunities Conclusion

What is the Green Prosperity Project? BASIC FACTS: Implementation by: Millennium Challenge Account - Indonesia Financed by: Millennium Challenge Corporation (USA) Amount: US$332.5 million Entry Into Force: April 2013 Project Duration: Five Years

What is the Green Prosperity Project? PURPOSE: Promotes environmentally sustainable, low carbon economic growth Supports rural economic development that raises real incomes of Indonesians in a manner that reduces reliance on fossil fuels Improves land management, protects natural capital and complements efforts to reduce emissions from deforestation and environmental degradation

Green Prosperity Conceptual Framework

Participatory Land Use Planning - PLUP PLUP is one of four GP activities that focus on developing renewable energy and natural resources management on a ‘landscape’ level PLUP is intended to put in-place the foundational spatial land use planning elements needed to enable and sustain Green Prosperity project

PLUP Activities Village Boundary Setting and Community Mapping (VBS/CM), including location of major and minor settlements within villages, development of appropriate guidelines for participatory village boundary setting mapping and demarcating village boundaries (ii) Updating and integrating land and other natural resource uses, including (1) inventories of existing and pending licenses for land and natural resource use, (2) technical assistance to relevant Government agencies to help integrate and administer spatial data, to improve their ability to conduct transparent licensing, determine the most effective land use and investments, and available to the public; (iii) Enhancement of district and provincial spatial plans.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF VBS/CM

Sensitization of VBS/CM Development of GP PLUP VBS/CM Process PLUP analysis and preparation of VBS Guidelines Focus Group Discussions with stakeholders in ‘starter districts’ Coordination with local government to establish VBS Delineation and Demarcation Technical Committee Preparation of Bupati (regency) Decree as the legal basis of VBS process Test for operational, social and techncial aspects in 68 villages Combination of participatory mapping and government regulations Procurement of specialized contractor for technical assistance Establishment of Village Participation Teams (VPT) Compile Landscape VBS/CM Base Map Identification and mediation of disputes on a willingness basis as possible Implement ‘18-step VBS/CM process’ with Community - contractor provides technical guidance and assistance Map critical natural & cultural resource areas with UAS and sat. imagery Physical demarcation of village boundaries GIS Database, Maps and Signed Minutes of VBS/CM Process

Flowchart of VBS/CM Process

Location of Villages for VBS/CM Sensitization Phase One

Location of VBS - Continued Phase Two

Issues/Opportunities/Challenges There are about 78,609 villages and many community group territories in Indonesia and almost none of them have not been officially delineated, demarcated and mapped appropriately Government and Community approaches are different in identifying and determining boundaries of villages and community areas GP PLUP VBS/CM is a participatory approach that ensures all groups are involved in the process including gender and vulnerable groups GP PLUP VBS/CM combines technical approaches with social aspects; therefore, an appropriate dispute mechanism is important Use of UAS (Unmanned Aerial System) is initiated to provide precise identification and geo-referencing of natural and cultural resources in difficult terrain and to ensure safeguarding of these areas

Conclusion The GP PLUP Participatory VBS/CM process is designed to push beyond a process of conventional consultation with women, men and potentially marginalized groups of community stakeholders. GP PLUP VBS/CM provides the opportunity and means to communities to actively participate in, and own the results of the process. Participatory VBS/CM achieves this by providing GP project-based planning and specialized technical assistance to the community while organizing with the relevant local government agencies to coordinate, recognize and approve the results of the process.

Community participation prior to initiating fieldwork in East Nusa Tenggara Identifying important features and geographic places in West Kalimantan

Reviewing of interim field work with community participants in West Kalimantan Using sub-meter GPS for geographic positioning of village boundaries

Thank You - Terima Kasih