Health Then and Now

In the 1800s and early 1900s infectious diseases such as influenza, tuberculosis, and diphtheria were the leading causes of death. Nowadays in the 21ST century, these have been replaced with the lifestyle diseases such as heart attacks, strokes, CVD’s, cancer & diabetes.

When infectious diseases were the leading causes of death, health care was more of a mechanistic model. This means that you live your life until something goes wrong and then you go see a doctor and get it fixed. Problem with this is that it may not be able to be fixed.

health is a culmination Now that the leading causes of death are lifestyle diseases, a preventative model is more critical. This suggests that health is a culmination of your lifestyle choices, making choices to prevent you from getting sick. **VIDEO

what do you think is the leading cause of death among teenagers? Soooooo… knowing our lifestyle has a big influence on our health, what do you think is the leading cause of death among teenagers?

#1 Motor Vehicle Accidents ~~MAKE UP 67% OF ALL DEATHS AGES 15-19~~ (out of all unintentional injuries 42%) In 2009, more than 3,000 teens in the United States aged 15–19 were killed and  more than 350,000 were treated in emergency departments for injuries suffered in motor- vehicle crashes.1,2  

TEEN DRIVER FACTS: CDC Newly licensed teens, teens driving with passengers, and male teenagers have the highest risks for motor vehicle accidents. Males are 2X more likely than females to be involved in a crash. In 2010, 22% of teen drivers involved in fatal motor vehicle crashes were drinking. Teens have the lowest rate of seatbelt use. Teen drivers are 3X more likely than drivers aged 20 and older to be in a fatal crash.

The factor that contributes most often to automobile accidents is… Driver Behavior

A GROWING PROBLEM TEXTING AND DRIVING 40% OF ALL AMERICAN TEENS SAY THEY HAVE BEEN IN THE CAR WHEN THE DRIVER USED A CELL PHONE IN A WAY THAT PUT PEOPLE IN DANGER. DRIVERS THAT USE HAND-HELD DEVICES ARE 4X MORE LIKELY TO GET INTO A SERIOUS CRASH. **2 VIDEOS on pictures

TEXT MESSAGING CREATES A CRASH RISK 23X WORSE THAN DRIVING WHILE NOT DISTRACTED. SENDING OR RECEIVING A TEXT TAKES A DRIVER’S EYES AWAY FROM THE ROAD FOR AN AVERAGE OF 4.6 SECONDS = AT DRIVING 55 MPH, DRIVING THE LENGTH OF AN ENTIRE FOOTBALL FIELD BLIND. **VIDEO

Other factors that should be avoided are speeding, aggressiveness and impaired driving

c. leave room between you and car in front d. drive the speed limit Some general rules for driving that apply to all motor vehicles are: AVOIDING DISTRACTIONS a. don’t drive under the influence b. avoid fatigue c. leave room between you and car in front d. drive the speed limit e. monitor the road and surroundings. f. wear your seat belt g. be courteous.

~~MAKES UP 17% OF ALL DEATHS AGES 15-19~~ # 2 Homicide ~~MAKES UP 17% OF ALL DEATHS AGES 15-19~~ Although other teens are responsible for many of the homicides of teens below age 18, two-thirds of the murderers are eighteen or older.4   Gang involvement has been associated with many teen murders

~~MAKES UP 15% OF ALL DEATHS AGES 15-19~~ #3 Suicide ~~MAKES UP 15% OF ALL DEATHS AGES 15-19~~ In 2009, 1,928 children and teens between the ages of 10 and 19 committed suicide in the U.S. Teenage boys were four times as likely as teenage girls to die by suicide. Boys were also more likely to use guns and suffocation to kill themselves. Girls were more likely than boys to use pills.

#4 Malignant Neoplasms (cancer) ~~MAKE UP 6% OF ALL DEATHS AGES 15-19~~ Malignant neoplasm implies a lesion that can invade and destroy the adjacent tissues and spread to the distant sites(Metastasize) and cause death, Malignant tumors are also called CANCER

~~MAKES UP 3% OF ALL DEATHS AGES 15-19~~ #5 Heart Disease ~~MAKES UP 3% OF ALL DEATHS AGES 15-19~~ Most of the risk factors that affect children can be controlled early in life. Other risk factors are usually passed down through family members or they are the result of another illness or disease. These risk factors usually can be controlled. Congenital heart disease (heart defects you are born with) cannot be changed, but better tests and treatments are now available for children with these types of heart problems.

motor vehicle accidents so we consider motor vehicle CDC 2009 While unintentional injury is listed as the #1 cause of death with 4,807 deaths, of those deaths 3,242 are from motor vehicle accidents so we consider motor vehicle accidents as the #1 cause of death among 15 – 19 yr. olds.

Soooooo ……what are some types of unintentional injury?

electrocution A fatal injury caused by electricity entering the body and destroying vital tissues.

suffocation A fatal injury caused by an inability to breathe when the nose and mouth are blocked or when the body becomes oxygen-deficient.

Falls Explosions Toxic hazards Electrocution Fires The most common types of unintentional injuries in the workplace are Falls Explosions Toxic hazards Electrocution Fires

Safety Health Administration What is the government agency that was created to help prevent work-related injuries, illness and death? Occupational Safety Health Administration