Terry Chandler Power Quality Inc, USA Power Quality Thailand LTD Smart Grid Overview Terry Chandler Power Quality Inc, USA Power Quality Thailand LTD

Definitions A smart grid is an umbrella term that covers modernization of both the transmission and distribution grids. http://en.wikipedia.org Smart Grid is a new market being built around the modernization of the electrical grid, green power generation and more efficient usage of electrical power. Terry Chandler, Power Quality Inc Aug 2009

PG&E (California) “ Smart Grid is not a thing or a specific project. It is about how the utilities leverage technology to enhance their entire portfolio of business processes.” Andy Tang, an executive at the PG&E utility in California,

Xcel Energy (USA) Xcel Energy’s vision of a Smart Grid includes a fully network-connected system that identifies all aspects of the power grid and communicates its status and the impact of consumption decisions (including economic, environmental and reliability impacts) to automated decision-making systems on that network. This vision leverages the multitude of vertical system solutions currently available and deploys a horizontal integration of these systems into a real-time, automated “neural network” that will manage all of the variables involved in delivering energy to the consumer. We believe this vision of an advanced decision-making system will allow Xcel Energy to more efficiently deliver energy while providing consumers with valuable information for better decisions on when, where and how to consume energy. The impact will be a greatly improved delivery system that optimizes the impact on the environment, ensures the most efficient delivery, and maximizes reliability.

As defined by large utilities in the USA Duke Energy’s long-term vision is to transform the operation of its electric power grid by creating a reliable and scalable networked infrastructure capable of delivering and receiving information from intelligent devices distributed across its power systems, automating components of the distribution systems and leveraging the linked networks for improved operational efficiencies and customer satisfaction. Duke Energy is 3rd largest utility in USA (Kwhr sales)

Smartgrid projects in USA http://www.sgiclearinghouse.org/?q=ProjectMap

What is driving the SmartGrid ? Growing Energy Demand Worldwide Energy Independence and Security (each country) GHG Reduction (Green House Gas) Economic Growth Policy and Regulation Technology Advancement Increased Efficiency Through Grid Optimization Advanced Consumer Services Infrastructure Reliability and Security Demand for 21st Century Power Quality “Digital economy Power Quality” US Department of Energy

Drivers of the Smart Grid Asia Governments and their desire to show action to the voters. “ Green power” ; new high tech jobs; new business Utility owners and their desire for increased return on investment with reduced operating costs and improved reliability and quality of supply. (QOS) Operations management and their desire to lower operating costs and integrate new technology Engineering management and their desire to modernize the network and it’s operation with new technology Technology advances in almost every aspect of the utility business that have not been adopted because of the extreme conservative nature of the electrical utility business.

Network inefficiencies 9/6/2009 www.powerquality.org all rights reserve

Electricity Market growth Asia vs the USA and world 2004 Asia MW was approximately the same as USA with 10 times population 2007 Asia MW-hr was nearly double the USA. With 10 times the population. April 17 all rights reserved

How big is the market USA Source zprime dec 2009

Worldwide market estimates Source zprime dec 2009

WWW SmartGrid market growth

The intelligent grid utilizes technology in three important ways: 1) Automating the grid to harden it and make it less costly to operate. 2) Integrating the electric grid to create an end-to-end network for quickly acquiring and transporting data from millions of end points 3) Expanding the value of the grid beyond typical utility needs to support new services and new markets offered by energy retailers.

Event Avoidance Remote load profiling/management Grid event diagnostics Advanced data analysis Grid condition sensing and predictive response

Self-Healing Grid Improved asset management/visibility Real-time grid condition monitoring Automated grid switching to improve reliability and reduce risk of major blackouts. Meters as a sensors for the SmartGrid Transformer load management, near real time Condition-based crew dispatching with Automatic Fault locating

Advanced Meter Infrastructure Meters, Revenue and some level PQ Meter interrogation Meter with load connect/disconnect Outage notification Two-way communications with meters

Advanced Meter Infrastructure AMI (automatic metering) 1. voltage alerts PQ alarming 2. real-time measurements with time and date stamps built on an open architecture Automated meters role in the intelligent grid provide a end user level sensing device. Instant notification of outages

Gridwise Alliance (consortium of companies and gov) Smart Grid integrates the infrastructure, processes, devices, information and market structure so that energy can be generated, distributed and consumed more efficiently and achieving a more resilient, secure and reliable energy system. www.Gridwise.org

U.S. Department of Energy list Optimize asset utilization and operating efficiency. Improve efficiency to reduce cost and need for new structure Accommodate all generation and storage options. Integration of renewable resource generation Provide power quality for the range of needs in a digital economy. The integration of the Power Quality requirements of new generation loads.

US Dept of Energy Smart grid 2008 Anticipate and respond to system disturbances in a self-healing manner. Self healing like the communication networks Operate resiliently against physical and cyber attacks and natural disasters. Harden the grid Enable active participation by consumers. Provide a path for “smart consumers” Enable new products, services, and markets. (New Business opportunities)

Modern Grid Team 2006 Reliable with quality Safe Secure Economic Efficient Environmentally friendly

Taxonomy of SmartGrid ( the practice and science of classification) Compliments of GTW Research 9/6/2009 www.powerquality.org all rights reserve

Some of the Standards for SmartGrid

Comparison Current Grid to Smart Grid

Smarter Grid today - Substation automation (SA) enables utilities to plan, monitor, and control equipment in a decentralized way, which makes better use of maintenance budgets and boosts reliability. - Smart meters allow utility customers to participate in time-of-use pricing programs and have greater control over their energy usage and costs.

Smarter Grid beginings Smart grid technologies in use today Utility companies are already implementing “smart” devices in various ways. Some examples of how smart technologies—and the practices they enable—can impact the operation and overall health of the grid include the following: - Real-time situational awareness and analysis of the distribution system can drive improved system operational practices that will, in turn, improve reliability. - Fault location and isolation can speed recovery when outages do occur by allowing work crews to drastically narrow the search for a downed line.

Today’s Grid vs Smart Grid 9/6/2009 www.powerquality.org all rights reserve

Smarter grid today - SCADA/DMS (distribution management systems) put more analysis and control functions in the hands of grid operators. - Voltage control, through reactive power compensation and the broader application of power electronics, increases transmission capacity of existing lines improves the resiliency of the power system as a whole.

SmartGrid summary Revised Electrical Network design and new hardware Network control with new communication between grid sensors and control system (automatic) Integration of renewable resource generation. Power Quality for the digital age. Consumer involvement in power usage. (demand) Efficiency improvement with new technologies Security of the electrical network Development of new business, new high technology jobs within electrical utility industry.

NIST SmartGrid Conceptual model 9/6/2009 www.powerquality.org all rights reserve

References http://www.leonardo-energy.org/what-definition-smart-grid THE SMART GRID IN 2010: MARKET SEGMENTS, APPLICATIONS AND INDUSTRY PLAYERS DAVID J. LEEDS | GTM RESEARCH http://www.leonardo-energy.org/what-definition-smart-grid http://www.utilitiesproject.com/documents http://www.smartgridnews.com/artman/publish/article_177.html