outer ear anatomy physiology disorders

anatomy pinna

anatomy ear canal

anatomy tympanic membrane

physiology pinna vertical localization resonance

physiology ear canal pathway protects TM constant temp and humidity resonator

physiology tympanic membrane will be considered along with the section on the middle ear (chap 10)

disorders atresia collapsed ear canals foreign bodies external otitis growths in ear canal impacted cerumen tympanic membrane perforations tympanosclerosis

disorders atresia complete congenital closure of the ear canal hearing loss: moderate flat conductive treatment: surgery

disorders typical atresia audiogram and photo

disorders collapsed ear canals artifact due to pressure of supraaural earphones on ear canals false conductive loss

disorders foreign bodies any foreign object in ear canal no hearing loss treatment involves removing object

disorders examples of foreign bodies

disorders external otitis (otitis externa) bacterial or fungal infection of the ear canal no hearing loss anti-biotics used for treatment

disorders growths in ear canal osteotomas and extoses normally no treatment or hearing loss

disorders impacted cerumen slight to mild sloping hearing loss physical removal

disorders impacted cerumen

disorders tympanic membrane perforations causes vary usually no hearing loss may heal spontaneously or require myringoplasty

disorders tympanosclerosis ususally due to repeated scaring no hearing loss to a mild rising loss no known treatment

disorders Most outer ear disorders have normal acoustic immittance results The exceptions are ... atresia impacted cerumen tympanic membrane perforations tympanosclerosis

summary