ATROCITIES OF WORLD WAR II World History

STINGER 1.Who is the speaker? 2.What is the occasion? (How can you tell?) 3.Who is the audience? 4.What is the purpose? 5.What is the subject? 6.What is the tone? 7.How does the cartoonist feel about Hilter’s treatment of European people? 8.What does the cartoonist think about America’s responsibility for people of other countries? 9.Extra Credit: How does this relate to Horton hears a Who?

OTHERING AS A PART OF NATION-BUILDING Process of defining a group as opposite a different group Process of defining a group as opposite a different group Dehumanization of others Dehumanization of others Mythology of Racism Mythology of Racism Stories one group tells about another group in order to dehumanize Stories one group tells about another group in order to dehumanize Ex: Jews have horns Ex: Jews have horns Ex: Japanese are militaristic animals Ex: Japanese are militaristic animals Beliefs become deeply ingrained Beliefs become deeply ingrained Internal Other Internal Other Hated group within the dominant culture Hated group within the dominant culture Ex: Jews in Europe Ex: Jews in Europe Ex: Kurds in Turkey and Iraq Ex: Kurds in Turkey and Iraq Ex: Undocumented immigrants in the US Ex: Undocumented immigrants in the US Nation can blame domestic problems (unemployment, inflation, low wages, crime, etc.) on this group Nation can blame domestic problems (unemployment, inflation, low wages, crime, etc.) on this group External Other External Other Hated group external to the dominant culture Hated group external to the dominant culture Ex: France and Britain for the WWII Germans Ex: France and Britain for the WWII Germans Ex: US for the EU Ex: US for the EU Ex: US for China, China for India, India for Pakistan Ex: US for China, China for India, India for Pakistan Ex: “The West” for Islamists Ex: “The West” for Islamists Nation can blame international problems (trade issues, conflict, need for standing army, terrorism, etc) on this group Nation can blame international problems (trade issues, conflict, need for standing army, terrorism, etc) on this group These change over time! These change over time!

GENEVA CONVENTIONS OF 1929 AND OTHER ACCEPTED RULES OF WARFARE Treatment of sick and wounded Treatment of sick and wounded Must receive medical treatment Must receive medical treatment Repatriation of severely injured or wounded Repatriation of severely injured or wounded Protection for Red Cross and other neutral aide INGOs Protection for Red Cross and other neutral aide INGOs Treatment of Prisoners of War Treatment of Prisoners of War Cannot kill Cannot kill Cannot torture Cannot torture Must maintain in good health Must maintain in good health Protection of civilians Protection of civilians Do not TARGET civilians Do not TARGET civilians No civilian shields No civilian shields No chemical warfare No chemical warfare

GERMANY- (START WITH THE EASY ONE) Internal other: European Jews Internal other: European Jews Pogroms Pogroms Ghettos Ghettos Restrictions on activities Restrictions on activities Economically restricted to only doing business with each other Economically restricted to only doing business with each other Curfews Curfews Geographic restriction Geographic restriction Yellow star Yellow star Disarmament Disarmament Kristallnacht Kristallnacht Mass exterminations Mass exterminations Concentration camps Concentration camps Labor camps Labor camps Extermination camps Extermination camps External Other: France, UK, and other allies whose reparations destroyed the German economy External Other: France, UK, and other allies whose reparations destroyed the German economy Rebuilding of the German Empire (Sudetenland, Poland, Belgium, Rhineland, Lorraine, etc.) Rebuilding of the German Empire (Sudetenland, Poland, Belgium, Rhineland, Lorraine, etc.) Double-crossing of Russia Double-crossing of Russia Blitzkrieg Blitzkrieg Occupation of France Occupation of France Air raids on British civilians Air raids on British civilians

THE HOLOCAUST Some of these photos are graphic, and I cannot copy and past them. Some of these photos are graphic, and I cannot copy and past them. Please be prepared, or put your head down. Please be prepared, or put your head down

JAPAN Atrocities committed against the Chinese Atrocities committed against the Chinese Mass killing of civilians Mass killing of civilians Mass rape of Chinese women Mass rape of Chinese women Treatment of children Treatment of children Bayonet practice Bayonet practice Mass graves Mass graves Treatment of Prisoners of War Treatment of Prisoners of War Use for medical experiments, including experimental surgery Use for medical experiments, including experimental surgery Use for bayonet practice Use for bayonet practice Use for film industry Use for film industry Beheadings Beheadings Treatment of their own people- Kamakazi tactics Treatment of their own people- Kamakazi tactics

RUSSIA (AN ALLIED POWER) Internal Other (The Great Purge) Internal Other (The Great Purge) Political dissidents Political dissidents Capitalists Capitalists Clergymen Clergymen Anyone seen as a threat Anyone seen as a threat Generals Generals Wives Wives Returned prisoners of war Returned prisoners of war External Other: Germans External Other: Germans Mass rape of Germans Mass rape of Germans US knowledge of atrocities caused race to Berlin, with Americans trying to stem the tide of the rapes US knowledge of atrocities caused race to Berlin, with Americans trying to stem the tide of the rapes

THE UNITED STATES Racism at home Racism at home Internment of the Japanese Internment of the Japanese Employment discrimination against African Americans Employment discrimination against African Americans

JAPANESE INTERNMENT

WAR CRIMES Fire bombing of civilian targets Fire bombing of civilian targets Dresden Dresden Tokyo Tokyo Nuclear weapons Nuclear weapons

EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS

WWII DEATHS

EXIT TICKET Identify three reasons that so many civilians died in World War II. Identify three reasons that so many civilians died in World War II. Describe two groups of people who were targeted for destruction. Describe two groups of people who were targeted for destruction. Explain how the process of othering can help build a national identity Explain how the process of othering can help build a national identity