1 Exercise 1 Computer Hardware

2 Objectives for Exercise 1 When you complete this exercise, you will be able to:

3 Identify, disconnect, and reconnect the computer’s cables and cover. Identify the external connectors on a typical personal computer. Identify and explain the purpose of the major internal components.

4 Why Disassemble the Computer? To upgrade. To upgrade. To repair. To repair. To add to it. To add to it.

5 The three most important things to remember when disassembling a computer are: Document Document Document! Document!

6 Document Where cards are located. Where cards are located. How cables are routed. How cables are routed. Orientation of cables and connectors. Orientation of cables and connectors. Hardware used to secure each component. Hardware used to secure each component. Anything else that might cause confusion when reassembling. Anything else that might cause confusion when reassembling.

7 Your greatest enemy when working inside the computer is Electrostatic Discharge or ESD.

8 Your best defense against ESD is the anti-static wrist strap.

An internal resistor provides shock protection. 9

10 Switch off power at the computer and at the workbench...

11...but leave the computer plugged in.

12 Use anti-static mats on the workbench and floor.

13 Hold Circuit Boards by their Edges.

14 Store Circuit Boards in Anti- static Bags.

15 Tips for Disassembly.

16 Turn off power to the computer and everything connected to it.

17 Disconnect the monitor and set it aside.

18 Disconnect the keyboard and set it aside.

PS/2 Keyboard Connection

20 Disconnect the mouse and set it aside.

PS/2 Mouse Connection

Remove these screws... 22

... not these. 23

25 Spreading the sides of the cover will help it to clear the computer.

Removing the side panel.

27

28 The Motherboard.

29 The Motherboard may also be known as the: System Board System Board Planar Board Planar Board Baseboard Baseboard Main Board Main Board Logic Board Logic Board

30 The Power Supply.

31 Standard Power Supply

32 Power Selection Switch

WARNING! Hazardous voltages contained within this power supply, not user serviceable. Return to service center for repair.

34 Power Supply Connectors

35 Power Supply Output Voltages AT-Type +5 Volts +5 Volts +12 Volts +12 Volts –12 Volts –12 Volts –5 Volts –5 Volts

36 Motherboard Power Connectors Black Wires Black Wires P9 P8

37 Power Supply Output Voltages ATX-Type +5 Volts +5 Volts +12 Volts +12 Volts –12 Volts –12 Volts –5 Volts –5 Volts +3.3 Volts +3.3 Volts

38 ATX Power Connector

39 ATX Power Connector

Second P4 Motherboard Power Connector Supplies 12 Volts 40

41 Large Molex Connector

42 Berg Connector

43 Some connectors are held in place with a latch.

Grasp the connector by the shell… Never by the leads. 44

45 The CD-ROM Drive

46 The Hard Drive

47

Mother- board Mother- board 48

Master Hard Drive Master Hard Drive 49

Slave Hard Drive 50

51 When installing ribbon cables watch for: Cable should match connector. Cable should match connector. Pin 1 of cable to Pin 1 of connector. Pin 1 of cable to Pin 1 of connector. Missed columns or rows of pins. Missed columns or rows of pins.

52

1 53

Missed Row of Pins 54

Missed Row of Pins 55

Missed Pins Missed Pins 56

57 The Floppy Drive

58

59

60

Mother- board Mother- board 61

5¼" Drive 5¼" Drive 5¼" Drive 5¼" Drive 62

3½" Drive 3½" Drive 3½" Drive 63

Drive A “After twist” Drive A “After twist” Drive B “Before Twist” Drive B “Before Twist” 64

1.Remove the screw. 65

2.Rock the board end to end... 66

... up and out of its socket. 67

68 The AGP Video Board Video Board AGP Slot

69 Field Replaceable Units (FRUs) Units that can be replaced in the field with common hand tools.

70 Keep these tips in mind. Document everything. Document everything. Shut off power. Shut off power. Protect against ESD—use antistatic wrist strap. Protect against ESD—use antistatic wrist strap. Grasp connectors by shells, not by leads. Grasp connectors by shells, not by leads. Never use force. Never use force. Release latches on connectors. Release latches on connectors. Rock boards end to end. Rock boards end to end.

71 Now, it’s your turn.