Components of Blood Whole blood –Red Blood Cells: Transport O 2 to cells –White Blood Cells: Fight pathogens –Platelets: aid in clotting Plasma –90% water (solvent) –Solutes: Amino acids, glucose, hormones, vitamins, salts, waste, antibodies

Antigens: –Proteins that help identify cells as foreign or natural –Found on surface of RBCs Help to determine your blood type –Analogy: Antigens are like jerseys Antibodies: –Float freely in plasma –Attack anything with foreign antigens ABO Blood Groups

Group A blood RBC’s have the A antigens on their surface B antibodies in your plasma –only attack invaders with B antigens What would happen if a virus with B antigens entered your blood? Your B antibodies will attack and kill this virus. B antibody Vein

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

Group A blood RBC’s have the A antigens on their surface B antibodies in your plasma –only attack invaders with B antigens What would happen if you gave this person type B blood? Your B antibodies will attack, and cause clots to form. This person will die. B antibody Vein

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

Group B blood RBC’s have B antigens on their surface A antibodies in your plasma –only attack invaders with A antigens What would happen if a virus with A antigens invaded your blood? The A antibodies would attack and kill the virus. A antibody Vein

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

Group B blood RBC’s have B antigens on their surface A antibodies in your plasma –only attack invaders with A antigens What would happen if this person was given type A blood during a transfusion? Their A antibodies would attack the donated blood, causing blood clots. This person would die. A antibody Vein

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

Group AB blood RBC’s have both A & B antigens on their surface Neither A nor B antibodies in your plasma What would happen if this person was invaded by the viruses below? They do not have antibodies to attack these viruses. Vein Can you predict the antibodies they will have?

Group AB blood RBC’s have both A & B antigens on their surface Neither A nor B antibodies in your plasma What would happen if you gave this person type A blood? Nothing bad would happen. They have no antibodies to attack this blood. What would happen if you gave this person type B blood? Nothing bad would happen. They have no antibodies to attack this blood. Vein

Group O blood Neither A nor B antigens on the surface of your RBCs Both A & B antibodies in your plasma –will attack invaders with A or B antigens B antibody What would happen if this person was invaded by the viruses below? The antibodies would attack and kill the viruses. A antibody Can you predict the antibodies they will have? Vein

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

Group O blood Neither A nor B antigens on the surface of your RBCs Both A & B antibodies in your plasma –will attack invaders with A or B antigens B antibody What would happen if you gave this person type A blood? The A antibodies will attack, causing blood clots. This person will die. A antibody Vein

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

Group O blood Neither A nor B antigens on the surface of your RBCs Both A & B antibodies in your plasma –will attack invaders with A or B antigens What would happen if you gave this person type B blood? The B antibodies will attack, causing blood clots. This person will die. A antibody B antibody Vein

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

Group O blood Neither A nor B antigens on the surface of your RBCs Both A & B antibodies in your plasma –will attack invaders with A or B antigens What would happen if you gave this person type AB blood? Both the A and B antibodies will attack, causing blood clots. This person will die. A antibody B antibody Vein

Key Point: Antibodies attack antigens

If you have type A blood, can you receive: Type A blood? Type B blood? Type AB blood? Type O blood? B antibodies will attack any blood with B antigens. No Yes No Yes Quick Questions

If you have type B blood, can you receive: Type B blood? Type A blood? Type AB blood? Type O blood? A antibodies will attack any blood with A antigens. Yes No Yes

If you have type AB blood, can you receive: Type AB blood? Type A blood? Type B blood? Type O blood? They have neither A nor B antibodies. Yes

If you have type O blood, can you receive: Type O blood? Type A blood? Type B blood? Type AB blood? A antibodies will attack any blood with A antigens. B antibodies will attack any blood with B antigens. No Yes

Rh Factors If Rh+ –Cells contain the Rh antigen (jersey) –Blood contains Rh antibody –Can receive Rh+ or Rh- blood If Rh- –Cells lack the Rh antigen, but… –Blood contains Rh antibody –Only receive Rh- blood

Blood type B+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh Practice problem

Blood type AB+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh Practice problem

Blood type O+ Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh Practice problem

Blood type AB- Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh Practice problem

Blood type O- Which antigens does this person have? A B Rh Which antibodies does this person have? A B Rh Practice problem

Scenario One Francis was just in a bad accident and lost a lot of blood. He is blood type B+. Can you help save him?

Blood type B+ Antigens: Which does he have? A B Rh Antibodies: Which does he have? A B Rh

Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive B+ blood? Yes. A antibody Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given B+ blood in a transfusion… Vein Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens

Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given B- blood in a transfusion… A antibody Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive B- blood? Yes. Vein Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens

Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given A+ blood in a transfusion… Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive A+ blood? No. A antibody Vein Agglutination: clumping of the blood Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens

Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given A- blood in a transfusion… Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive A- blood? No. A a n t i b o d y A a n t i b o d y A a n t i b o d y Vein Agglutination: clumping of the blood Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens

Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given AB+ blood in a transfusion… Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive AB+ blood? No. A antibody Vein Agglutination: clumping of the blood Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens

Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given AB- blood in a transfusion… Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive AB- blood? No. A a n t i b o d y A a n t i b o d y A a n t i b o d y Vein Agglutination: clumping of the blood Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens

Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given O+ blood in a transfusion… Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive O+ blood? Yes. A antibody Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens Vein

Francis has B+ blood type because of the B and Rh antigens. If he is given O- blood in a transfusion… A antibody Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive O- blood? Yes. Vein Key Point: A antibodies only attack A antigens

Scenario Two Sebastian was just involved in an accident at work and lost a lot of blood. He is blood type A-. Can you help save him?

Blood type A- Antigens: Which does he have? A B Rh Antibodies: Which does he have? A B Rh

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given A- blood in a transfusion… Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. Can he receive A- blood? Yes. B antibody Rh antibody B antibody Rh antibody B antibody Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Vein

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given A+ blood in a transfusion… B antibody Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. But only the Rh antibodies will attack. Can he receive A+ blood? No. B antibody Rh antibody Vein Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given B- blood in a transfusion… Rh antibody Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. But only the B antibodies will attack. Can he receive B- blood? No. Rh antibody B antibody Vein Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given B+ blood in a transfusion… Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive B+ blood? No. B antibody Rh antibody B antibody Rh antibody B antibody Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Vein

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given AB- blood in a transfusion… Rh antibody Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. But only the B antibodies attack. Can he receive AB- blood? No. Rh antibody B antibody Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Vein

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given AB+ blood in a transfusion… Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. Can he receive AB+ blood? No. B antibody Rh antibody B antibody Rh antibody B antibody Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Vein

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given O+ blood in a transfusion… B antibody Will his antibodies attack this blood? Yes. But only the Rh antibodies will attack. Can he receive O+ blood? No. B antibody Rh antibody Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Vein

Sebastian has A- blood type because of the A antigen. If he is given O- blood in a transfusion… B antibody Rh antibody B antibody Will his antibodies attack this blood? No. His A antibodies only attack A antigens. Can he receive O- blood? Yes. Rh antibody B antibody Key Point: B antibodies attack B antigens Rh antibodies attack Rh antigens Vein

1) Can this work? Acceptor O- Donor AB- Practice problem

2) Can this work? Acceptor A+ Donor A- Practice problem

3) Can this work? Acceptor AB- Donor B-

Review 1)What are the components found inside blood? 2)What are the ingredients of plasma? 3)What is the purpose/function of RBCs? 4)Which part of blood stop bleeding when cut? 5)What do antibodies bind with? 6)If a person has type AB-, which antigens do they possess? Which antibodies? 7)If a person has type O+, which antigens do they possess? Which antibodies? 8)If a person is type A-, list all the blood types this person can receive in a transfusion. 9)If a person is type O-, list all the blood types this person can receive in a transfusion.