Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium1 New Mexico Ignition Interlock: Laws, Regulations, Utilization, Effectiveness, Cost-effectiveness, and Fairness 8 th Ignition Interlock Symposium August 26-7, 2007 Richard Roth, Robert Voas, Paul Marques Supported by PIRE, NHTSA, and NM TSB

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium2 New York Times Editorial November 25, “The initial (MADD) goal, which is backed by associations of State highway officials and car manufacturers, is to have all states do what New Mexico has already done: require that all convicted drunken drivers, even first-time offenders, have devices installed in their cars that measure alcohol in the breath and immobilized the car if levels exceed set limits.”

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium3 An Ignition Interlock is an Electronic Probation Officer Dedicated Probation Officer in Front Seat On duty 24 hours per day Tests and Records daily BAC’s Allows only Alcohol-Free Persons to Drive. Reports All Violations to the Court Costs Offender only $2.30 per day. (1 less drink per day)

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium4 New Mexico Interlock Laws 1999 Optional for 2 nd and 3 rd DWI Mandatory for all Aggravated and Subsequent DWIs. Indigent Fund 2003 Ignition Interlock License Act: ….an alternative to revocation Mandatory Interlocks for all DWIs: 1yr for 1 st ; 2 for 2 nd ; 3 for 3 rd ; Lifetime for 4+

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium5 NM Interlock Regulations NM DOT Objective: To implement Interlock Laws Licensing of manufacturers, service centers, operators, and installers Device standards & recording requirements Installation, servicing, and removal. Record keeping and reporting requirements

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium6 Interlocks are Effective, Cost-Effective and Fair Interlocks reduce DWI re-arrests by 40-90% They reduce the economic impact of drunk driving by $3 to $7 for every $1 of cost. Interlocks are perceived as a fair sanction by 85% of over 5000 offenders surveyed...But they only work if… you get them installed.

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Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium8 How does New Mexico compare with other states in interlock utilization?

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium9 Do Interlocked Offenders have a Lower Re-Arrest Rate? Court Mandated Installations of Interlocks. --Selected as installations within 90 days after conviction. N = 3089 Voluntary Installations. --Selected as all others. N = 4961

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium10 Court Mandated vs Voluntary Installations

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium11 Comparison Groups(RED) Interlocked Groups(GREEN) Effectiveness with Court Mandated Offenders

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium12 RED=Comparison Groups GREEN=Interlocked Groups Effectiveness with Volunteers ie. Not court-mandated

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium13 Cravens CrashIgnition Interlock Law Down 30% Down 36%

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium14 8.0% Before 6.7% After A 16% Reduction Statewide recidivism decreased.

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium15 8.7% Before 6.2% After A 29% Reduction Before After

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Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium17 Fewer Alcohol Involved Fatal Crashes and Fatalities

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Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium19 Survey of Interlocked Offenders 77%81% 69% 63% N = 796

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium20 January to September 2006

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium21 Interlocks Installed Per Conviction in First 9 months of 2006 Caution: this figure includes installations by persons not convicted, and changes of provider.

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium22 Interlocks Installed per DWI Arrest by County in NM Jan-Sept 2006 Caution: Includes some changes of Provider. Room for Improvement

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Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium24 Proposals to Close NM Loopholes 1.Add “or electronic monitoring” for No car. 2.Vehicle Forfeiture for driving while revoked without an interlock. 3.Vehicle Immobilization or Interlock between arrest and adjudication. 4.Crime to contribute to circumvention. 5.Apply interlock sanction to juvenile offenders. 6.Mandate a period of alcohol-free DRIVING before getting unrestricted license.

Roth 8/26/ Interlock Symposium25 Legislative Recommendations 1.Immobilization or Interlock between DWI arrest and adjudication. 2.Mandatory Interlock for at least one year for all convicted offenders with electronic monitoring or urine testing as the only alternatives. 3.Compliance Based Removal. Requirement: No recorded BAC >.05 by any driver for a year. 4.Interlock License as an Alternative to Revocation. 5.An Indigent Fund with objective standards. 6.Mandatory Period of Interlock before Unrestricted License Reinstatement.