© T. M. Whitmore Today Review mortality & fertility Age structure.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Latin America Population & Settlement Ch 4 section 2.
Advertisements

© T. M. Whitmore TODAY The urban dual economy Migration.
© T. M. Whitmore TODAY Urbanization in LA  Causes & consequences The urban dual economy Migration – the 3 rd part of the population equation  International.
SOUTH AMERICA Midterm test and Grade Distribution Review South America FTAA & Hidrovia FTAA & Hidrovia Urbanization Urbanization Latin American City Model.
Applying Population Ecology: The Human Population
AP Human Geography Mr. Jones
Population Growth and Economic Development
Migration and Development
1.1 WHERE DO MOST PEOPLE IN THE WORLD LIVE? ALSO SEE WORKBOOK, PG 248.
Latin American Countries Map Review. Mexico Nicaragua Panama Colombia Haiti Puerto Rico Jamaica Honduras The Bahamas Cuba United States Belize Guatemala.
© T. M. Whitmore TODAY Agricultural and Rural Development Issues  Internal colonization  Amazonia continued Amazonian & tropical deforestation Contemporary.
GOOD JOBS WANTED : Labor Markets in América Latina GOOD JOBS WANTED : Labor Markets in América Latina Inter-American Development Bank Inter-American Development.
1 Thought Questions: 1. What things would cause people to leave a certain place? 2. What factors would cause people to move to a certain place? 1.POPULATION.
Bell Ringer Miniature Earth – If the population of the Earth were shrunk to just 100 people, but the proportions were kept the same, what would it look.
UNIT VII: Urban Geo.
POPULATION Thought Questions:
According to the UN, world population is expected to grow to 9.2 billion by the year What challenges do you see if this prediction proves accurate?
Chapter 4 Sections 2-5 Human Geography.
The Socio-Economic Impact of Migrant Remittances: Pros and Cons
Population. What is Population?  The collection of people living in a given geographic area, or space, usually measured by a census  Demography  The.
 Export  Campesino  Latifundia  Minifundia  Cash crop  Gross domestic product  Service industry  Maquiladora  Free trade zone.
© T. M. Whitmore TODAY Migration continued Mexico – US example Remittances Rural to rural migration  Rural to urban migration Social Geographies  Wealth.
© T. M. Whitmore TODAY Migration – the 3 rd part of the population equation  Rural to urban migration Social Geographies  Wealth  Social development.
© T. M. Whitmore Today Economic Development: Diversity Amid Globalization “Sectors” of an Economy Basic human Demography.
Chapter 2 Population Key Issue 2.
BR #2 (PG.228) 1A) How does Mexico rate as a sender of immigrants to America? –B) How many Mexican born people now live in the U.S.? –C) What is the major.
Thought Questions: Questions to answer. Write these questions on a piece of paper and answer them. 1. What things would cause people to leave a certain.
LATIN AMERICA Country Profile Project. Country Profile POLITICAL FEATURES: population, major cities, type & structure of government, national leader(s)
1 Continuous Labour Migration Reporting System for the Americas SICREMI Araceli Azuara Ferreiro RIAL Workshop on Labour Migration and Labour Market Information.
Demographics. What is it? Demography is the study of population Why do people settle in certain areas? What lead to changes in settlement patterns? What.
© T. M. Whitmore TODAY Population Geography of LA  Growth  Fertility  Mortality  Age structure Urbanization in LA  Spatial patterns  Causes & consequences.
Demographics.   Birthrate- number of live births per 1000 people  Ex. 54/100 in Niger, 8/1000 in Latvia, 22/1000 in world  Fertility rate- average.
Read the introductory 3 paragraphs to Population & Settlement: The Dominance of Cities from pages – write down two interesting facts. Look at the.
Skilled Migration and Brain Drain from Latin America Çağlar Özden DECRG The World Bank The views expressed in this presentation are those of the author.
© T. M. Whitmore Today Problems with urban growth (partial review) The urban economy Migration.
© T. M. Whitmore TODAY Population Geography of LA  Growth  Fertility  Mortality  Age structure Urbanization in LA  Spatial patterns  Causes & consequences.
Poverty and inequality in latin america By Victoria Matviiv.
Economics of Latin America To get the file: - Go to My Computer – S:) Student Read Only – Orso Folder – Latin America Folder – Open the file called Economics.
Human Population Size. Questions for Today: What are the Major Factors that affect Human Population Size? How are fertility rates analyzed? What are the.
© T. M. Whitmore TODAY Migration  Remittances (a consequence of international emigration from LA) Rural to rural migration within LA Rural to urban migration.
 Core & Periphery Relations.  The Global Economy – Basic features Single World market – Producers produce to exchange rather than use. Price is determined.
Human Population Population Demographics. I. Human Population Growth-A Brief History ZPG Video: Exponential Growth Will any areas remain relatively unpopulated.
CHAPTER 11: HUMAN POPULATIONS Read pgs Key Concepts  Factors affecting human population size  Managing population growth  Human population.
Land Use. 29% of the earth is land –29% forests and woodlands –27% range and pastures –11% cropland –33% tundra, marsh, desert, urban areas, bare rock,
Los países hispanohablantes The Spanish-speaking countries.
VI B. Urbanization in Developing Countries See Text, Chapter 7, pp Note: The materials on the Urban Informal Sector was considered earlier in Section.
© T. M. Whitmore Today Migration continued. © T. M. Whitmore Questions? Urban problems in LA Urban economic systems in LA.
DEVELOPMENT. Development Include: Real GDP per head Standard of living Political freedom Freedom of the speech Level of education Level of health-care….
© T. M. Whitmore Today R – U Migration Social Geography  Class  Development  Race  Religion.
Gender and Poverty: Conceptual Overview Sonia Montaño Women and Development Unit Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean Inter-Agency and.
© T. M. Whitmore TODAY Population Geography of LA continued  Demography – age structure  Geographic distribution of population  Urbanization  Roots.
© T. M. Whitmore TODAY Día de los muertos Migration – the 3 rd part of the population equation  International to/from LA  USA-LA migration  Remittances.
Chapter 9 The Human Population. Chapter 9 Big Idea  The size and growth rate of human population has changed drastically over the last 200 years. Those.
Population & Urban Geography. Earths population hit the one billion mark in the early 1800’s Earths population hit the one billion mark in the early 1800’s.
Population and Movement Pgs Population Growth Demographers are scientists that study human populations. They study the rate at which the population.
Squatter settlement video watch?v=ZJJy5W9LXLw.
Human Population Pt 1. I. Factors That Drive Human Population Growth Demography: study of human populations and population trends Factors Changes in population.
ChartsPeopleBirthDeathMisc Charts - 10.
Monday, November 28th Brainstorm a list of areas / structures / “things” that you would find in the average city.
Diversity Amid Globalization, 4th ed.: Rowntree, Lewis, Price & Wyckoff 1 Setting the Boundaries From the Rio Grande to Tierra del Fuego Most of Central.
Ignorance Project
Mexico, NAFTA, and Expansion Toward the European Union
Latin American Countries Map Review
Theme 3 : Geographical Issues on a Continental Scale
Global Urban Patterns.
Urban issues and challenges - KO Paper 2: Question 1
Megacities and urbanisation
LATIN AMERICA MAP REVIEW
Global History & Geography Br. Siraj February 28, 2019
The Impact of Migration on Urbanization
Presentation transcript:

© T. M. Whitmore Today Review mortality & fertility Age structure

© T. M. Whitmore Questions?

Store display in Mexico City

Home Día de los Muertos display

Decorated graves in Guatemala

Día de los Muertos foods, market in Morelia, Mexico

Día de los Muertos displays for sale, Michoacan, Mexico

© T. M. Whitmore Total Fertility Rate (TFR) = Average total number of births to a woman in her lifetime (superior to CBR) ~ 2.1 => parents only replacing themselves (called “replacement level fertility”)  need the extra 0.1 due to childhood deaths LA ranges from:  ~ 4 (Honduras, Guatemala, Haiti, Bolivia)  ~2 (Costa Rica, Cuba, Uruguay)

© T. M. Whitmore Death related (mortality) Life expectancy at birth (E o )= Average projected span of life at the date LA Range:  > 75 ( Mexico, Costa Rica, Cuba, Chile)  < 70 (Guatemala, Nicaragua, Haiti, Bolivia) Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)  # deaths of infants (< 1yr)/1000 live births in a given yr Range: > 30 (Guatemala, Honduras, Haiti, Bolivia); < 10 (Cuba, Chile, Costa Rica)

© T. M. Whitmore Population age structure–youth (< 15) World 29%  Lesser developed World 32% - 35%  More Developed World ~ 17% USA 20% Latin America 30%  Central America with Mexico 34%  Caribbean 29%  South America 29% Latin American extremes Consequences

© T. M. Whitmore Population age structure - aged (> 65) World 7%  Lesser developed World 5%  More developed 15% USA 12% Latin America 6%  Central America with Mexico 5%  Caribbean 8%  South America 6% Latin American extremes Consequences

© T. M. Whitmore Population age structures Population pyramidpyramid Concept of dependency ratio  (pop aged pop aged 65+) *100/ Pop age Developing world dependency ratio  100*(32% + 5%)/63% = 59 USA dependency ratio  100*(20% +12%)/68% = 47 Latin America dependency ratio  100*(30% + 6%)/64% = 56

© T. M. Whitmore

Geographic distribution of population High density zones High Low density zones  South America’s “empty heart”  Arid N Mexico (save border)  Arid areas in S cone Key growth zones  Medium and larger cities (most all population growth here)  Rural – Rural migration more a redistribution than real growth

© T. M. Whitmore Urbanization Proportion of a country’s population living in cities  World = 47%  USA = 79%  LA = 76%! Extremes in LA Large city urbanization in LA (% in cities > 1 million)

© T. M. Whitmore Urbanization II Mega-cities  Emerging Megalopolis zones  Central Mexico Central Mexico  South Brazil triangle & Río de la Plata South Brazil triangle Concept of primacy  Single city in a country that dominates in pop, culture, economic development, etc.  Examples:  Santo Domingo  Guatemala City  Mexico City  Lima

© T. M. Whitmore Concept of primacy Single city in a country that dominates in pop, culture, economic development, etc.  Examples:  Santo Domingo  Guatemala City  Mexico City  Lima

LA cities in World’s top 100 (19 of the top 100)

© T. M. Whitmore Roots of urban growth Demographic  R—to—Urban migration  Natural increase within the city Economic  Industrialization  Rural stagnation Organizations  Banks and governments

© T. M. Whitmore Benefits from urban growth Efficient provision of social services Cities are centers of information flow and knowledge Concentrated (and better educated?) labor pool Physical infrastructure often better Cities concentrate “human capital” Cities are a huge internal markets Easier linkages between industries Cities are often “better off”

© T. M. Whitmore Problems with urban growth I Housing  First destination of poor migrants is the inner city slums  Elite often still in posh neighborhoods in inner city Elite  Often close juxtaposition of rich and poorjuxtaposition Some planned attempts to deal with thisplanned

© T. M. Whitmore Problems with urban growth II Self-help (often squatter) housing  Many names: Favelas (Brazil), colonias proletarias, cuidades perdidas, etc.  2 nd destination of R migrant  Seen as places of permanence  25-40% of total pop in some cities  Initially settlements lack infrastructure  A main characteristic is improvement New trends

© T. M. Whitmore Problems with urban growth III Subsidy and Sink effects Congestion Pollution Loss of urban open space Poor provision of basic servicesservices Export of problems Poverty generally Employment not always good

Mexico City country club

Mexican stock exchange

© T. M. Whitmore Elite housing, Santo Domingo

© T. M. Whitmore Wealthy homes in Morelia, Mexico

© Pearson Education – Prentice Hall Elite house Cuidad Juarez

© W.H. Freeman & Co.

Planned new housing area in Mexico City

Nezahualcoyotl: Planned housing area in Mexico City

Nezahualcoyotl - 3 millon people

Squatter housing in Mexico City

Mexico City inner city

© Pearson Education – Prentice Hall Squatters outside Lima

© W.H. Freeman & Co.

© T. M. Whitmore Self-help housing, Santo Domingo, DR

© T. M. Whitmore Self-help housing, Santo Domingo

© T. M. Whitmore Self-help housing, Santo Domingo

© T. M. Whitmore Self-help housing, Santo Domingo

© T. M. Whitmore Self-help housing, Lima

© T. M. Whitmore Self-help housing, Saltillo, Mexico

© T. M. Whitmore Formal sector housing, Saltillo

© T. M. Whitmore Formal sector housing, Tegucigalpa

© T. M. Whitmore Formal sector housing, Tegucigalpa

300+ low income homes in Ixtapaluca, Mexico Entire complex has > 10,000!

Return migrant (remittance funded) housing in Ecuador © Brad Jokish

Mexico City on a rare clear day

More typical Mexico City day

© T. M. Whitmore Urban water, Santo Domingo

© T. M. Whitmore Urban water, Santo Domingo

© T. M. Whitmore Subsidence in Mexico City

© T. M. Whitmore Subsidence in Mexico City

© T. M. Whitmore The urban economy Dual system Dual  Formal Formal  corporate, government, commerce, and major businesses  Minority of jobs?  Informal Informal  services, local assembly and repair shops, family-run micro-businesses; day labor, domestics, etc.  Majority of jobs?

© T. M. Whitmore

Find the globalization! Tegucigalpa

© T. M. Whitmore Formal sector housing, Saltillo

Informal sector economy

© T. M. Whitmore

Informal economy, tile making (for export to posh homes in USA), Saltillo

Informal sector, Mexico City dump scavengers

Feedback: Privacy Policy Feedback
Do Not Sell My Personal Information
About project: SlidePlayer Terms of Service

© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc. All rights reserved.