The Ancient Hebrews and Judaism

5-1: The Origins of Judaism

Standards H-SS 6.3.1: Describe the origins and significance of Judaism as the first monotheistic religion based on the concept of the one God who sets down moral laws of humanity. H-SS 6.3.4: Discuss the locations of the settlements and movements of Hebrew peoples, including the Exodus from Egypt, and outline the significance of the Exodus to the Jewish and other people. E-LA: Reading 6.2.4 Clarify an understanding of texts by creating outlines, logical notes, summaries, or reports.

Judaism Anticipatory Set Has someone ever Promised you something and kept their Promise? Did the promise end up being conditional? The Israelites and Moses had to go through a lot in order to be set free into the land that God promised them.

Judaism Language of the Discipline Monotheism- the belief that there is only one God. Ethical behavior- behavior based on the ideas of right and wrong. Covenant- binding agreement Commandment: an order to do something.

Judaism Input Although Hebrews were related to other Mesopotamian peoples, they had a unique culture. They were surrounded by cultures who worshiped many gods, they were Monotheistic. The belief that there is only one God. They also followed a tradition of ethical behavior Behavior based on ideas of right and wrong. There practices and beliefs became known as Judaism

Judaism Input The early history of the Hebrews is a story of travels which took place between Egypt and Mesopotamia. What we know comes from the Torah The Torah includes the first five books of the Hebrew Bible The same as the first five books in the Christian Old Testament

Judaism Input The leaders of the Hebrews were Abraham, and his son Isaac, and Isaac’s son Jacob. They were known as the patriarchs or forefathers of their people. Their experiences passed on orally for centuries long before they were written down in Genesis, the first book of the Torah Abraham’s grandson Jacob, was later named Israel and his descendants were then called the Israelites.

Judaism Input Abraham and his people were nomads who herded livestock in their home town of Ur in Mesopotamia. He eventually moved to Canaan where God made a covenant with him He promised Abraham would be the father of many nations and that his decedents will obtain the Promised Land.

Judaism Input A famine happened in Canaan so Jacob’s family moved to Egypt. In the book of Exodus, which comes after Genesis Jacob’s descendants became people like Pharaoh, ruler of Egypt. Pharaoh enslaved and mistreated many of the Israelites.

Judaism Input Moses His life is described in the early part of the book of Exodus He grew up in Pharaoh’s palace and believed that God was leading him to rescue his people from Pharaoh’s control. When Moses first asked Pharaoh for permission he said no. God then cast horrible plagues among Egypt and his people, the Israelites would be safe if they marked their doorways with blood.

Judaism Input The Ten Commandments Finally Pharaoh gave in and let the Israelites go. Moses led his people out to the Sinai Peninsula and they were free due to the Exodus. This event is now celebrated over Passover. The Ten Commandments Moses went up to Mount Sinai to meet with God and when he returned, he came back with the Ten Commandments. The commandments and other laws are still important today

Judaism Input After the Ten Commandments were given, the Israelites roamed the desert for 40 years. Gradually they approached Canaan, and after many years Moses died and never entered the Promised Land. According to the book of Joshua, the Israelites entered the high-walled city of Jericho and conquered it with God’s help and wisdom through Joshua.

Checking for Understanding 1. The Torah is A. a collection of writings by Jewish scholars that interprets Jewish laws. B. the Bible of the Jewish people. C. a collection of wise sayings and poems about God. D. the first five books of the Hebrew Bible. Answer D.

Checking for Understanding 2. The beliefs of the Egyptians and Hebrews were different because the A. Egyptians believed in monotheism B. Hebrews worshipped many gods C. Hebrews worshipped one God D. none of the above Answer C.

Checking for Understanding 3. Who led the Hebrews from slavery in Egypt? A. Deborah B. pharaoh C. Moses D. Exodus Answer C.

Guided Practice and Independent Practice 5.1 Worksheet RC side #1 and 2 Independent Practice 5.1 Worksheet RC- complete the rest of side 1 Homework Note-Taking Guide Practice (backside of worksheet)