Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) and Evidence Based Practice (EBP) in CSD

Evidence Based Medicine Refers to using the best evidence in making decisions about patients. EBM is “the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients” (Sackett et al., 1996).

Scientific Evidence Scientific research results are usually based on double-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trials. However, these trials often do not include a wide variety of people (women and minorities are not well-represented). Also, statistics gathered from trials are based on averages which may not generalize to a particular person.

The other parts of the picture: The patient and the practitioner The very best patient care occurs when scientific evidence blends with clinical expertise and consideration of patients as real people. The American Academy of Audiology (AAA) and the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) have established “best practices” regarding patient care.

Best practices in CSD Positions statements Clinical practice guidelines Preferred practice guidelines

Position Statements The official position of the professional organization on a timely topic related to professional issues or clinical practice.

Clinical practice guidelines Recommendations developed by groups of experts to help clinicians and patients make clinical decisions.

Preferred practice patterns Includes accepted definitions, professional roles, expected outcomes, clinical indications, clinical processes, equipment specifications, and documentation.

What is Evidence Based Practice (EBP) in CSD? When high-quality research evidence is integrated with practitioner expertise, patient preferences, and patient values when making clinical decisions.

Skills needed to use EBP You will need an understanding of the cultural aspects of the populations you will serve. You will need to continue learning through reading and evaluating research in your field. You will need to develop strong evaluation and critiquing skills when reviewing the literature and research available.