Correlates of Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol in Adolescence A Secondary Data Analysis of the 1992 National Health Behavior Survey Presented at the The 11 th UROP Symposium By Jud Ostle May 15, 2004

Acknowledgements Dr. Jenness, Head of Honors Seminar Program Dr. Jenness, Head of Honors Seminar Program Dr. Prause, Faculty Mentor Dr. Prause, Faculty Mentor Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program U. S. Dept. of Health and Human Services National Center for Health Statistics U. S. Dept. of Health and Human Services National Center for Health Statistics

Aims of Study 1) Profile adolescents who self-report Driving Under the Influence of alcohol versus those that did not report 2) Determine associations between DUI and other risky behaviors

Facts about DUI Drunk driving is the most frequently committed violent crime in America killing more than 17,000 people each year and injuring countless others. (MADD) In 2002, 40% of California’s fatal traffic incidents involved alcohol ( National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) Based on the latest mortality data available, motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death for people from 15 to 20 years old. (NHTSA)

Literature Review White males from higher SES were more likely to DUI (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2002) Earlier the age respondents started drinking, the more likely they were to report driving after drinking too much ever in their life and in the past year (Heeren, T., Hingson, R., Jamaka, A., Levenson, S., & Voas, R.)

Methodology Source Data provided by the U. S. Dept. of Health and Human Services: National Center for Health Statistics Study Secondary data analysis of 1992 National Health Interview Survey: Youth Risk Behavior Supplement Sample Nationally representative sample of 6,105 individuals who were years old at time of interview

Methodology (continued) Key Variable: DUI Self-reported measure of drinking and driving over past 30 days Never DUI is defined as zero attempts during 30 day period Criteria Used Pearson Chi-Square to measure associations between DUI and other demographic and risky behavior variables

Figure 1 Gender and DUI past 30 days *p<.05

Figure 2 Race and DUI past 30 days DUI *p<.05

Figure 3 NHIS Poverty Index and DUI DUI *p<.05

Figure 4 Age at first sexual intercourse and DUI during past 30 days *p<.05

Figure 5 Diagram of Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis Demographic Variables (race, gender, age) Risky Behavior Variables (fighting, binge drinking carried a weapon) DUI (Never, 1 time, 2 +)

Odds Ratio of DUI during past 30 days relative to Never DUI (n=6105) Demographic Variables Adjusted Odds Ratio 1 time 2 or more Age 1.30* 1.52* Gender (Male) * Race Multiple/Other.69.60* African-American.66*.78 Asian/Asian Pacific Islander.35*.42 White - - *p<.05

Odds Ratio of DUI during past 30 days relative to Never DUI (continued) Demographic Variables Adjusted Odds Ratio 1 time 2 or more Total Family Income Missing.59*.80 Less than $10,000.61*.55* $10,000 - $24, $25,000 – 49, $50,000 or more - - Region Northeast.43*.60* Midwest South West - - Education of Responsible Adult (Years) 1.06* 1.05 *p<.05

Odds Ratio of DUI during past 30 days relative to Never DUI (Continued) Risky Behavior Variables Adjusted Odds Ratio 1 time 2 or more Regularly wear seat belt.98.84* Being a passenger in car with drinking driver 1.87* 2.62* Carried a weapon * Been in fight during last year * *p<.05

Odds Ratio of DUI during past 30 days relative to Never DUI (Continued) Risky Behavior Variables Adjusted Odds Ratio 1 time 2 or more How many times drank 5 or more past 30 days 0 days day3.03* 2.30* 2 days5.30* 6.00* 3 or more3.70* 10.96* *p<.05

Summary LOW RISK GROUP Female Minority group Total Family Income: Less than $50,000 Lived in Northeast HIGH RISK GROUP Male White Total Family Income: Over $50,000 Lived in the West

Discussion Existing data set did not have a large number of Hispanic subjects Data set did not include complete history of DUI Data collected in 1992 may not represent now Adolescents often tend to under report risky behaviors

For more information contact me at: Jud Ostle Dept. of Psychology and Social Behavior 3317 Social Ecology II University of California Irvine, California