Technical Safety Standards CEN/TC 152 ISO/TC 254 Michele Bertazzon CEN/TC 152 President Gianni Chiari CEN/TC 152 & ISO/TC 254 Member

SICUREZZA (SAFETY) Latin “SINE CURA” = SENZA PREOCCUPAZIONE - Without worry

Safety Standards Amusement Rides EN EN – History revision Started in 1989 and Published in 2004 after 15 years of development Replaces the DIN 4112 “ Fliegende Bauten” Published and developed by CEN with 28 European member states. Every country could have its “National Deviations” on the standard. From 2009 to Sept 2011 as private initiative of EAASI / IAAPA Prepare update for revision of the current EN :2004 Voluntary group van experts in 8 different workgroups

Safety Standards Amusement Rides Revision of EN Voluntary group van experts in 8 different workgroups Gianni Chiari lead Harmonize with ASTM, Mike Withers Co-Chair

Design Manufacture Inspection Operation Maintenance Use Safety fundamental “supports”

prEN :2015 Safety of amusement rides and amusement devices - Design and manufacture prEN :2015 Safety of amusement rides and amusement devices - Operation, maintenance and use prEN :2015 Safety of amusement rides and amusement devices - Requirements for inspection during design, manufacture, operation and maintenance ISO/FDIS :2015 (Approved) Safety of amusement rides and amusement devices - Design and manufacture ISO :2015 (Published) Safety of amusement rides and amusement devices - Operation and use ISO :2015 (Ready for pubblication) Safety of amusement rides and amusement devices - Requirements for inspection during design, manufacture, operation and maintenance ISO/TS 17929:2014 (Published) Biomechanical effects on amusement ride passengers

Future developments New proposal in CEN/TC 152 Safety of amusement rides and amusement devices - Event structures ISO/NP Safety of amusement rides -Methods of measuring accelerations acting on passengers of amusement rides

CEN/TC 152 New EN Series Standard published in ISO/TC 254 EN series Standard published in Harmonized with ASTM F24 Standards

International accepted safety standards – ASTM F 24 series – EN series – ISO series Local Standards – Australia AS 3533 – China GB8408 – Russia Gost R 52170

ISO/TC Safety of amusement rides and amusement devices Participating Countries (17) Belgium (NBN) China (SAC) Denmark (DS) Finland (SFS) France (AFNOR) Germany (DIN) India (BIS) Iran, Islamic Republic of (ISIRI) Israel (SII) Italy (UNI) Netherlands (NEN) Russian Federation (GOST R) Saudi Arabia (SASO) Singapore (SPRING SG) South Africa (SABS) Switzerland (SNV) United Kingdom (BSI)) Observing Countries (13) Armenia (SARM) Australia (SA) Austria (ASI) Bosnia and Herzegovina (BAS) Bulgaria (BDS) Japan (JISC) Kazakhstan (KAZMEMST) Korea, Republic of (KATS) Lithuania (LST) Malaysia (DSM) Norway (SN) Poland (PKN) Spain (AENOR ) Secretariat Russian Federation (GOST R)

Design Risk Assessment (DRA) This is a document that shall be produced by the designer of every amusement device. The DRA shall be used to guide the designer into making the correct decisions in the total design ethos (e.g. material selection, PLC programme, ergonomic characteristics, etc.) so that an acceptable level of risk resides (residual risk) from each design decision. Although not an operation risk assessment, The DRA shall be used to guide the structure and content of the operating & maintenance procedures. Design Risk Assessment (DRA) This is a document that shall be produced by the designer of every amusement device. The DRA shall be used to guide the designer into making the correct decisions in the total design ethos (e.g. material selection, PLC programme, ergonomic characteristics, etc.) so that an acceptable level of risk resides (residual risk) from each design decision. Although not an operation risk assessment, The DRA shall be used to guide the structure and content of the operating & maintenance procedures. Operation & Use Risk Assessment (OURA) This is a document that shall be produced by the controller and operator of every amusement device. The OURA shall be used to guide the operator and controller into making the correct decisions in the total operation ethos (e.g. age/height limit, loading/offloading of passengers, foreseeable misuse, etc.) so that an acceptable level of risk resides (residual risk) from each hazard analysed. It shall be constructed in close consultation with the designer and DRA and shall demonstrate total management of any residual risks highlighted in the DRA. Operation & Use Risk Assessment (OURA) This is a document that shall be produced by the controller and operator of every amusement device. The OURA shall be used to guide the operator and controller into making the correct decisions in the total operation ethos (e.g. age/height limit, loading/offloading of passengers, foreseeable misuse, etc.) so that an acceptable level of risk resides (residual risk) from each hazard analysed. It shall be constructed in close consultation with the designer and DRA and shall demonstrate total management of any residual risks highlighted in the DRA. Information for Use Residual Risks. EN & ISO Risk Assessment Strategy

Future EN Some important points Warning: it’s still a project and the contents could change prEN :2015 Safety of amusement rides and amusement devices - Design and manufacture 1 Scope ……. This document is applicable to amusement devices and major modification to amusement devices and rides manufactured after the effective date of publication. This standard does not apply to manufacture of pre-existing designs made according to EN 13814:2004 for a period of 5 years following the publication of the present standard. Why this phrase? Seems strange?

Pre-existing designs manufactured after the effective date of publication of this practice if the design is service proven or previously compliant and the manufacturer provides: A historical summary of the amusement ride, device or major modification, and A statement that the design is service proven or previously compliant as specified by Section Amusement rides and devices, and major modifications to amusement rides and devices may qualify as “previously compliant” for five years following the date of publication of this practice. Thereafter, amusement rides and devices, and major modifications to amusement rides and devices must qualify as “service proven” or meet the requirements of this practice

service proven —an amusement ride, device, or major modification to an amusement ride or device of which (1) unit(s) have been in service to the public for a minimum of five years, and (2) unit(s) that have been in service have done so without any significant design related failures or significant design related safety issues that have not been mitigated previously compliant —amusement ride or device, or major modification to an amusement ride or device, of which the design meets the ASTM Standard in place at the time of its design.

Other points and curiosities Warning: it’s still a project and the contents could change prEN :2015 Safety of amusement rides and amusement devices - Design and manufacture 1 Scope ….. and simple coin operated children's amusement devices, carrying not more than three children, are not covered by this document Up to 3.12 Device Log (Log Book) book or electronic data file containing all the necessary information about the use and history of any amusement device Aligned with ISO

Warning: it’s still a project and the contents could change

ISO/FDIS (Already approved)

1 Seat surface 2Safety Envelope 3Safety Envelope for children up to the age of 10 years 4Corner centre radius aminimum lateral safety distance min ylat bminimum lateral safety distance min ylat for children up to age of 10 years Figure 18 — Minimum Safety Distance for Legs in Suspended Seats Warning: it’s still a project and the contents could change

Figure 21 — Body Coordinate System Acceleration is defined in accordance with following the coordinate system: +a z presses the body into the seat downwards, described as “eyes down”. -a z lifts the body out of the seat, described as “eyes up”. +a y presses the body sideward to the right, described as “eyes right”. -a y presses the body sideward to the left, described as “eyes left”. +a x presses the body into the seat backward, described as “eyes back”. -a x pushes the body out of the seat forward, described as “eyes front”. Harmonized with ASTM F 2291

Warning: it’s still a project and the contents could change

Annex J (informative) - Acceleration effects on passengers Harmonized with ASTM F 2291

Accidents at permanent ride facilities in Europe are rare: 5.7 injuries per million visits 0,8 injuries per million rides taken by park guests 9% of injuries fall within the serious definition. (Broadly in line with recent years) 45% of injuries occur when guest are getting in and out of rides and 55% when rides are in motion Location of injuries: –23% occur on Children’s rides (which account for 35% of rides and 18% of ride volume) –51% occur on Family rides (which account for 52% of rides and 53% of ride volume) –26% occur on Roller coasters (which account for 12% of rides and 29% of ride volume) Causes of accidents: –72% guest behaviour; –19% operational –9% technical

Warning: it’s still a project and the contents could change Annex G (informative) Guest Behaviour G.2 Terms and Definitions G.2.1 Boarding passengers G.2.2 Riding passengers G.2.3 Exiting passengers G.2.4 Waiting passenger G.2.5 Behaviour G.2.6 Foreseeable behaviour G.2.7 Parent or Supervision Companion G.2.8 Child G.2.9 Information to public G.2.10 Parents or Supervision Companions accompanying children G.3 Classification of age and basic capabilities G.5 General Strategy of Risk mitigation in Guest Behaviour G.5.1 Adults G.5.2 Refusal of access G.5.3 Normal Behaviour G.5.4 Unacceptable behaviour For the first time in safety standard for amusment ride and device contains information on one the most delicate and problematic issue that creates the big part of the few accidents

Annex H (informative) Limited accessibility to amusement devices Warning: it’s still a project and the contents could change Disable People Accessibility to Amusement Rides a big and hard challenge

EVERYDAY OF MY LIFE We can all become person with disability, but each of us can help Disable, not different

The project Numbers Scientific Board Nr. 7 M.D. (medicine doctors), Ph. D. and University Juridical Board Nr 5 Lawyers and Judges Experts from Industry and Associations Nr 7 Experts Emergency task force Nr 3 Fire Brigade experts Nr 30 Down Syndrome People as testers Nr 30 able bodied people as control group Nr 30 Physically impaired people as testers Estimated for the whole project hours of VOLUNTARY WORK

ISO :2015 (Published) Safety of amusement rides and amusement devices - Operation and use Operation During operating cycle Any amusement ride, except one specifically designed for unattended use, shall be under supervision (whether direct or indirect, such as CCTV) at all times when the ride is in use. The operator shall be capable of working the device competently in a safe manner with due regard for passenger, public and staff safety and shall be in control throughout the operating cycle. The number of attendants required to operate it safely shall be on duty. An operator shall not be in charge of more than one device in operation at any one time unless the OURA determines it is safe to do so (e.g. for some simple devices).

One of the main problem of Safety standards in amusement field is that we have to cover from very simple slow ride to very complex and dynamic rides, with few hundred pages. This leave space for different interpretations on safety requirements

Knowledge creation & transfer «The knowledge-creating company» by Nonaka I. and Takeuchi H. Distinction between Explicit and Tacit knowledge Explicit Knowledge Tip of iceberg Safety standards, guidelines, best practices Tacit Knowledge (technical & cognitive) Depth Real experience and knowhow of Manufacturers and Amusement Parks We know more than we can tell and write !

There is a lot of more to say, but we should need at least a week …. For any supplementary information please contact Michele Bertazzon - Mob Gianni Chiari - Mob Thank you for your kind attention! Questions and Wrap Up